High-temperature oxidation kinetics of Cu bearing carbon steel

Yeşiltepe, Selçuk; Şeşen, Mustafa Kelami

doi:10.1007/s42452-020-2473-1

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…9,10) As a consequence of the oxidation of elements with higher oxygen affinity, the Cu concentration at the steel/scale interface may steadily increase and, finally, a liquid metal Cu-rich phase may form and penetrate the steel along the grain boundaries, causing micro-defects that can lead to surface cracking due to subsequent stressing, e.g., during hot-rolling. 8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] In contrast to Sn and Sb, the presence of Ni can counteract this phenomenon as it increases the solubility of Cu in austenite and also the melting point of the Cu-rich phases. 6-8, 25, 26) Another risk for forming a low melting phase during high-temperature oxidation results from the presence of Si in steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Silicon and Tramp Elements on the High-temperature Oxidation of Steel in Direct Casting and Rolling Processes

Gaiser,

Presoly,

Bernhard

et al. 2024

ISIJ Int.

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Oxidation processes are unavoidable in continuous casting and further hot processing of steel. A deeper understanding of the occurring phenomena such as intergranular oxidation and liquid metal infiltration of grain boundaries is essential to continuously improve the quality of the products. In this study, oxidation experiments were performed with simultaneous thermal analysis for two thin slab casting and rolling applications under near-process conditions up to the point prior to the first reduction stage. The experiments were performed for two low-carbon steels contaminated with undesirable tramp elements (Cu, Sn, …). In addition, the two steels contain Silicon at different levels. The results show that for the "Endless Strip Production" process (ESP), intergranular oxidation is significantly less pronounced compared to a "Thin Slab Casting and Rolling process" with a gasfired tunnel furnace (TSCR TF). Due to the short process time at high temperatures in the ESP process, hardly any liquid metal infiltration by copper appears. In low silicon steel, intergranular oxidation results from various oxides, and liquid metal infiltration appears simultaneously in the TSCR TF process. Furthermore, the yield loss from oxidation is significantly higher in the TSCR TF process. The change from a natural gas combustion atmosphere to a hydrogen combustion atmosphere further increases the oxidation rate and results in a higher mass loss.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Silicon and Tramp Elements on the High-temperature Oxidation of Steel in Direct Casting and Rolling Processes

Gaiser,

Presoly,

Bernhard

et al. 2024

ISIJ Int.

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“…Generally, high-temperature oxidation phenomena may be divided into external and internal. Various internal oxidation mechanisms can be observed, especially in alloyed steels or steels contaminated by trace elements, which may lead to essential quality losses of the product [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Current trends in the steel industry, such as the increased use of obsolete scrap, the corresponding increase of the content of residuals and tramp elements, or the replacement of natural gas with hydrogen for industrial burners, just to name a few, will raise new oxidation issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Temperature Oxidation of Steel under Linear Flow Rates of Air and Water Vapor—An Experimental Determined Set of Data

Gaiser

Presoly

Bernhard

2023

Metals

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High-temperature oxidation phenomena play a crucial role in steel production and processing. The development of new alloying concepts, the modification of production routes due to the decarbonization of steelmaking, and increasing quality demands will additionally stimulate research activities on high-temperature oxidation. Within the scope of this publication, the oxidation behavior of an unalloyed steel was investigated by means of thermogravimetric (TG) and metallographic analysis. The TG measurements were performed with a simultaneous thermal analyzer in combination with a water vapor generator and a mass spectrometer for quality control. Experiments were conducted in a temperature range from 900 to 1200 °C under various oxidation atmospheres, containing synthetic air and water vapor, with different linear flow rates of the oxidizing medium. According to the thermogravimetric data, an evaluation method is introduced to obtain direct kinetic data for linear and parabolic scale growth. The influence of the experimental parameters on high-temperature oxidation is discussed in detail.

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“…During heat treatment at high temperatures, which is inevitable for most steels, Fe will be oxidized to form oxide scales while Cu will enrich at the oxide/metal interface [6][7][8][9][10]. When the Cu content exceeds its solubility limit in the matrix above 1100°C, Cu-rich liquid phase forms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effect of residual elements on oxidation rates and oxide/metal interface characteristics in a low-carbon steel oxidized at 1180°C for 3 hours

Duan

Farrugia

Davis

et al. 2023

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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Residual elements (Cu, Ni and Sn) of various contents have been added to a low-carbon steel to simulate the scenario of increased use of scrap during steel production. The samples were oxidized in air to represent reheating before hot rolling, using thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) were employed to investigate the microstructure and the enrichments at the oxide/metal interface. Results showed the residual elements had an impact on the roughness of the scale/metal interface, internal Fe oxides formation, the amount of Ni&Cu enriched Fe phase and Cu&Sn enriched liquid phase at the interface, and the depth and spacing of the liquid phase penetrations along the grain boundaries. Thermodynamic simulation predicted the effect of residual elements on liquid phases formation at the interface, with good agreement between prediction and experimental results. The influence of residual elements on the oxidation rate was discussed.

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High-temperature oxidation kinetics of Cu bearing carbon steel

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Influence of Silicon and Tramp Elements on the High-temperature Oxidation of Steel in Direct Casting and Rolling Processes

Influence of Silicon and Tramp Elements on the High-temperature Oxidation of Steel in Direct Casting and Rolling Processes

High-Temperature Oxidation of Steel under Linear Flow Rates of Air and Water Vapor—An Experimental Determined Set of Data

Synergistic effect of residual elements on oxidation rates and oxide/metal interface characteristics in a low-carbon steel oxidized at 1180°C for 3 hours

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