High temperatures and emergency department visits in 18 sites with different climatic characteristics in China: Risk assessment and attributable fraction identification

Wang, Yu; Liu, Yue; Ye, Dianxiu; Li, Na; Bi, Peng; Tong, Shilu; Wang, Yan; Cheng, Yibin; Li, Yonghong; Yao, Xiaoyuan

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105486

Cited by 44 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…(29) A Chinese study also showed that exposure to high temperatures increased emergency department visit risks from endocrine, respiratory, and digestive diseases and injury, with an overall attributable fraction due to high temperatures of 8.64%. (30) Climate change has a direct effect on temperature patterns and extreme weather events, as well as an indirect impact on public health through its influence on air quality. (31) The European project APHEA2 had found a positive association between an increase in ozone concentration and an increase in the daily number of deaths (0.33%), in the number of respiratory deaths (1.13%), and in the number of cardiovascular deaths (0.45%) during the warm period of the year, while no effect had been observed during wintertime.…”

Section: Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Burden of Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Viegi

Maio

Fasola

et al. 2020

Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery

147

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Background: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are the main causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Methods: The main evidences about the NCDs and CRDs burden and related risk factors, from updated international reports and results of original researches, were collected and described in this review. Results: Most recent evidence is available from the Global Burden of Diseases Study (GBD) 2017 reports. There were 3.2 million deaths due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 495,000 deaths due to asthma. COPD was the seventh leading cause of years of life lost (YLLs). Overall, prevalent cases of CRDs were 545 million: about 50% for COPD and 50% for asthma. Incident cases of CRDs were 62 million, mostly due to asthma (69%) and COPD (29%). COPD accounted for 81.6 million disability-adjusted life years, asthma for 22.8 million. COPD prevalence of 9.1% has been found in a recent general population sample of NorthEastern Italy, while in Central Italy a 25-year follow-up of a general population sample has shown an increased prevalence of COPD and asthma up to 6.8% and 7.8%, respectively. In Central Italy, a COPD incidence of 8% and an asthma incidence of 3.2% have been found in adult subjects at an 18-year follow-up. Among the risk factors, a relevant role is played by smoking and high body mass index for asthma, while smoking, particulate matter pollution, ambient ozone pollution, occupational exposure to particulate matter, gases and fumes, as well as secondhand smoke, play an important role for COPD. Forecasting the YLLs by 2040 indicates a rising toll from several NCDs due to population growth and aging, with COPD expected to reach the fourth leading cause. Conclusions: Several recent studies and international reports highlighted the huge global health burden of CRDs and other major NCDs, pointing out the need for implementing international collaborations to fight this epidemic trend.

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Section: Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Burden of Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Viegi

Maio

Fasola

et al. 2020

Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery

147

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“…ED visits might serve as a more sensitive indicator of the health impacts of heat and a more appropriate signal for syndromic surveillance,1018 particularly among young and middle aged adults. The available evidence indicates that heat also poses a considerable health threat for young and middle aged adults, although results from studies have not been consistent 6918192021222324252627. For example, heat in California has been associated with a higher risk of ED admissions for any cause among those aged 5 to 64 years18 and in 12 Chinese cities among those aged 15 to 64 years,25 but an association was not found in studies in the US states of Rhode Island6 and Texas,27 or in Sydney, Australia 26…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient heat and risks of emergency department visits among adults in the United States: time stratified case crossover study

Sun

Weinberger

Nori-Sarma

et al. 2021

BMJ

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Objective To quantify the association between ambient heat and visits to the emergency department (ED) for any cause and for cause specific conditions in the conterminous United States among adults with health insurance. Design Time stratified case crossover analyses with distributed lag non-linear models. Setting US nationwide administrative healthcare claims database. Participants All commercial and Medicare Advantage beneficiaries (74.2 million) aged 18 years and older between May and September 2010 to 2019. Main outcome measures Daily rates of ED visits for any cause, heat related illness, renal disease, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and mental disorders based on discharge diagnosis codes. Results 21 996 670 ED visits were recorded among adults with health insurance living in 2939 US counties. Days of extreme heat—defined as the 95th centile of the local warm season (May through September) temperature distribution (at 34.4°C v 14.9°C national average level)—were associated with a 7.8% (95% confidence interval 7.3% to 8.2%) excess relative risk of ED visits for any cause, 66.3% (60.2% to 72.7%) for heat related illness, 30.4% (23.4% to 37.8%) for renal disease, and 7.9% (5.2% to 10.7%) for mental disorders. Days of extreme heat were associated with an excess absolute risk of ED visits for heat related illness of 24.3 (95% confidence interval 22.9 to 25.7) per 100 000 people at risk per day. Heat was not associated with a higher risk of ED visits for cardiovascular or respiratory diseases. Associations were more pronounced among men and in counties in the north east of the US or with a continental climate. Conclusions Among both younger and older adults, days of extreme heat are associated with a higher risk of ED visits for any cause, heat related illness, renal disease, and mental disorders. These results suggest that the adverse health effects of extreme heat are not limited to older adults and carry important implications for the health of adults across the age spectrum.

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“…The region is bounded to the south, east, and west by mountains, with a vast plain in the north-central and wide inner hills ( Figure 1 a). It belongs to the hot and humid subtropical climate, which is easily affected by extremely high temperatures [ 59 , 60 , 61 ]. The urban population of Jiangxi Province accounted for 51.62% in 2015.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Heat-Related Risks in Northern Jiangxi Province of China Based on Two Spatial Assessment Frameworks Approaches

Zheng

Zhang

Shi

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Heat-health risk is a growing concern in many regions of China due to the more frequent occurrence of extremely hot weather. Spatial indexes based on various heat assessment frameworks can be used for the assessment of heat risks. In this study, we adopted two approaches—Crichton’s risk triangle and heat vulnerability index (HVI) to identify heat-health risks in the Northern Jiangxi Province of China, by using remote sensing and socio-economic data. The Geographical Information System (GIS) overlay and principal component analysis (PCA) were separately used in two frameworks to integrate parameters. The results show that the most densely populated community in the suburbs, instead of city centers, are exposed to the highest heat risk. A comparison of two heat assessment mapping indicates that the distribution of HVI highlights the vulnerability differences between census tracts. In contrast, the heat risk index of Crichton’s risk triangle has a prominent representation for regions with high risks. The stepwise multiple linear regression zero-order correlation coefficient between HVI and outdoor workers is 0.715, highlighting the vulnerability of this particular group. Spearman’s rho nonparametric correlation and the mean test reveals that heat risk index is strongly correlated with HVI in most of the main urban regions in the study area, with a significantly lower value than the latter. The analysis of variance shows that the distribution of HVI exhibits greater variety across urban regions than that of heat risk index. Our research provides new insight into heat risk assessment for further study of heat health risk in developing countries.

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High temperatures and emergency department visits in 18 sites with different climatic characteristics in China: Risk assessment and attributable fraction identification

Cited by 44 publications

References 36 publications

Global Burden of Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Global Burden of Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Ambient heat and risks of emergency department visits among adults in the United States: time stratified case crossover study

Mapping Heat-Related Risks in Northern Jiangxi Province of China Based on Two Spatial Assessment Frameworks Approaches

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