Highlights of selected recent electrochemical measurements in living systems

Trouillon, Raphaël; Svensson, Maria I.; Berglund, E. Carina; Cans, Ann-Sofie; Ewing, Andrew G.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2012.04.164

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…These techniques have been widely appliedi nr esearches ranging from cell cultures, single cells,s ub-cellularl evels,b rain slices, whole living brains,a nd small animal species.S ince this review mainly focuseso nt he very recent advances in the methodology to achieve the selectivity for the neurochemical detection in the livingm ammalian brain, we will notc over these aspects.R eaders can refert oabook covering on these topics [4].I nr ecent years,i nvestigations into the nervous system of small animal species such as drosophilaa nd C. elegans have also received more and more attention because the simple nervous systems in these small animal speciesa re excellent models to study and their genomes are easy to manipulate.H owever, the small dimensions of the nervous systems of these speciese ssentially necessitate the micro-sizede lectrodes and related tools,w hich demanded ahigh technicali nput [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Analytical Methodology for in vivo Electrochemistry in Mammals

Wang

Mao

2015

Electroanalysis

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1IntroductionBrain is the most complicated whilst the least understood organ of human body both in its complex neuronal networks and numerous kinds of neurochemical species involved in brain functions.M odern science has seen explosion of knowledge on central nervouss ystem (CNS) thanks to the advances of various analytical techniques. Analysis of living brain is the most essentialt ou nderstanding the physiological and pathological processeso f brain while at the same time modern sciencef aced the challenges and developed somec utting edge techniques to accomplish such goals [1,2].InMay 2015, we organized aT hemedI ssue published in Analyst dedicating to very recent development of in vivo analysiso nv arious techniques and applications [3].I nt his review, we will particularly focus on the advances of electrochemicalm ethodologiesfor the analysis of living mammalian brain.CNS bears the unique featureso fb oth widespread of the molecular weight of neurochemicalsf rom large proteins/peptides of thousandst om illions of Dalton to small molecules less than 100 Dalton, and the dynamic changes of these neurochemicalsr anging from sub-second level to monthso re ven years.S uch complication of CNS challenges all analytical techniques on multiplea spectss uch as sensitivity,s electivity,t emporala nd spatial resolution. Amongt he techniques potentially employed for studying neurochemicalc hanges in CNS,e lectrochemicalm ethods are the most advantageous because they can be used to monitor fast dynamics and regulation processes of small molecules with high temporal resolution of sub-secondo r even down to sub-millisecond. Fore xample,h igh temporal resolution could be obtainedw ith fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV),w hose scan rate is usually set at several hundred volt per second. Eachs can takes less than 10 ms and hence voltammograms could be recordeda t 100 Hz frequencym aximally and, in most studies,a10 Hz recording frequency is used to combine with electrical stimulations.A sf or amperometry,w hen aconstantp otential is held, an even highert emporalr esolution could be achieved. Such high temporal resolution is the most advantageous for the investigationso nn eurotransmission processes,d uringw hich neurotransmitters release could happen within several milliseconds.Generally,m ost electrochemical methods could provide enough sensitivity to detect basal or elicited neurochemicals with bare or surface-functionalized electrodes,b ut the selectivity hinders theirw ide applications in brain research. One of the focuses of this reviewi st he strategies developed to achieve the selectivity for the detection of electrochemically activen eurochemicals with the electrodes without the useso fr ecognition units.W ew ill firstly review the classic and most widely used electrochemical methods for the detection of catecholamine in section one.A sw ill be described later, selectivity for the detectiono fc atecholamine can be achieved by taking advantage of the neurotransmitter specificity of brain regions and the dynamictime frame...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Analytical Methodology for in vivo Electrochemistry in Mammals

Wang

Mao

2015

Electroanalysis

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“…Additionally, in the context of the design of bioanalytical systems, the specificity of electrochemical detection of biomolecules, or of biological conditions, should also be considered. Indeed, fouling, that is, the adsorption of spectator molecules on the sensing surface, leading to partial insulation and alteration of the electrode properties, is a frequent source of failure for bio‐devices and implanted electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paper‐Based Polymer Electrodes for Bioanalysis and Electrochemistry of Neurotransmitters

Trouillon

Gijs

2018

ChemPhysChem

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This article describes the preparation and characterization of PEDOT-coated paper electrodes. Their specific behavior was investigated, especially the impact of electrode shape on the electrochemical properties. It was found that different electrode geometries promote different results, largely because of a potential drop in the bulk of the electrode material. More importantly, the suitability of these substrates for bio- and neurochemical analyses was investigated. The paper electrodes were found to offer better resistance to both protein and neurotransmitter foulings, in comparison to a planar electrode. Interestingly, long paper electrodes were more stable during sustained oxidation of dopamine and serotonin than short ones, possibly because of the conjunction of surface passivation and potential drop allowing for the site of oxidation to move along the electrode as fouling progresses.

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“…Recent developments in micro-engineering and cell-based assays have paved the way for a new generation of devices allowing for such dynamic measurements. Even though fluorescent 8 and microscopic techniques are the primary analytical modalities in this format, electrochemistry 9 is an ideal analytical method for such applications, 10 because of its high suitability to miniaturization and quantitative, dynamic experimentation. Owing to its versatility, unparalleled temporal resolution (typically in the order of the ms) 11 and the possibility to modify the electrode surface, [12][13][14] especially with enzymes, 15 electrochemical detection has been used in a wide variety of sample formats, such as single cells, [16][17][18] excised tissue, 19 in vivo 20 in vertebrate 21 and invertebrate 22 animals, artificial tissues 23 or biofluids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multiscale study of the role of dynamin in the regulation of glucose uptake

et al. 2017

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Glucose uptake in muscle cells in response to insulin is a fundamental mechanism for metabolism. The inability of cells to mobilize the specific glucose transporter GLUT4 is believed to be at least partially accountable for diseases, like diabetes, where cells do not respond to an insulin stimulus. In this work, a microchip is used to detect electrochemically glucose uptake from C2C12 myoblasts cultured on a patch of paper upon exposure to insulin. More importantly, the data suggest a new role for dynamin, a molecular motor which would be involved in GLUT4 translocation by facilitating exocytosis. It is also shown in vivo that dynamin is involved in the response to glucose in a completely distinct organism, namely the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The new mechanism for dynamin could therefore be more generally relevant in vivo and may play a role in insulin resistance.

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Highlights of selected recent electrochemical measurements in living systems

Cited by 30 publications

References 81 publications

Recent Advances in Analytical Methodology for in vivo Electrochemistry in Mammals

Recent Advances in Analytical Methodology for in vivo Electrochemistry in Mammals

Paper‐Based Polymer Electrodes for Bioanalysis and Electrochemistry of Neurotransmitters

A multiscale study of the role of dynamin in the regulation of glucose uptake

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