Abstract:The main challenges to the direct methanol fuel cells are the activity and durability of electrocatalysts. To alleviate such issues, a recently proposed strategy introduces an exotic element to form Pt‐based alloy nanostructures. This study reports a green route to prepare porous flowerlike Pt72Ru28 nanoalloys assembled with sub‐4.0 nm particles. The peak current density and mass activity on these as‐synthesized porous flowerlike Pt72Ru28 nanoalloys can be increased to 10.98 mA cm−2 and 1.70 A mg−1 Pt for meth… Show more
“…2 , abundant defects including low-coordination number (edges, corners, and steps) atoms, grain boundaries, lattice disorder, gap atoms, vacancies, and nanotwins were clearly observed in the surface. These defects have been confirmed to act as highly active sites and can boost the catalytic performance of catalysts in catalytic reaction 4 , 19 , 47 – 51 . Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…The excellent electrocatalytic performance of the as-synthesized dendritic Pd 59 Cu 30 Co 11 nanoalloys is mainly ascribed to the following reasons: (1) The special dendritic nanostructure of the Pd 59 Cu 30 Co 11 nanoalloy can provide abundant defects, such as low-coordination number atoms (edges, corners, and steps), grain boundaries, lattice disorder, nanotwins, gap atoms, and vacancies, which have been confirmed to boost the catalytic performance in catalytic reactions 4 , 19 , 43 , 47 – 51 . (2) Synergistic surface effects between Pd, Cu, and Co elements are present in the topmost atomic layer and favor the removal of poisoning intermediates (such as CO adsorbed (CO ads ) and OH adsorbed (OH ads )) that are produced in the electrocatalytic reaction 6 , 23 , 37 , 42 .…”
Recently, the development of high-performance non-platinum electrocatalysts for fuel cell applications has been gaining attention. Palladium-based nanoalloys are considered as promising candidates to substitute platinum catalysts for cathodic and anodic reactions in fuel cells. Here, we develop a facile route to synthesize dendritic palladium–copper–cobalt trimetallic nanoalloys as robust multifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and formic acid oxidation. To the best of our knowledge, the mass activities of the dendritic Pd59Cu30Co11 nanoalloy toward oxygen reduction and formic acid oxidation are higher than those previously reported for non-platinum metal nanocatalysts. The Pd59Cu30Co11 nanoalloys also exhibit superior durability for oxygen reduction and formic acid oxidation as well as good antimethanol/ethanol interference ability compared to a commercial platinum/carbon catalyst. The high performance of the dendritic Pd59Cu30Co11 nanoalloys is attributed to a combination of effects, including defects, a synergistic effect, change of d-band center of palladium, and surface strain.
“…2 , abundant defects including low-coordination number (edges, corners, and steps) atoms, grain boundaries, lattice disorder, gap atoms, vacancies, and nanotwins were clearly observed in the surface. These defects have been confirmed to act as highly active sites and can boost the catalytic performance of catalysts in catalytic reaction 4 , 19 , 47 – 51 . Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…The excellent electrocatalytic performance of the as-synthesized dendritic Pd 59 Cu 30 Co 11 nanoalloys is mainly ascribed to the following reasons: (1) The special dendritic nanostructure of the Pd 59 Cu 30 Co 11 nanoalloy can provide abundant defects, such as low-coordination number atoms (edges, corners, and steps), grain boundaries, lattice disorder, nanotwins, gap atoms, and vacancies, which have been confirmed to boost the catalytic performance in catalytic reactions 4 , 19 , 43 , 47 – 51 . (2) Synergistic surface effects between Pd, Cu, and Co elements are present in the topmost atomic layer and favor the removal of poisoning intermediates (such as CO adsorbed (CO ads ) and OH adsorbed (OH ads )) that are produced in the electrocatalytic reaction 6 , 23 , 37 , 42 .…”
Recently, the development of high-performance non-platinum electrocatalysts for fuel cell applications has been gaining attention. Palladium-based nanoalloys are considered as promising candidates to substitute platinum catalysts for cathodic and anodic reactions in fuel cells. Here, we develop a facile route to synthesize dendritic palladium–copper–cobalt trimetallic nanoalloys as robust multifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and formic acid oxidation. To the best of our knowledge, the mass activities of the dendritic Pd59Cu30Co11 nanoalloy toward oxygen reduction and formic acid oxidation are higher than those previously reported for non-platinum metal nanocatalysts. The Pd59Cu30Co11 nanoalloys also exhibit superior durability for oxygen reduction and formic acid oxidation as well as good antimethanol/ethanol interference ability compared to a commercial platinum/carbon catalyst. The high performance of the dendritic Pd59Cu30Co11 nanoalloys is attributed to a combination of effects, including defects, a synergistic effect, change of d-band center of palladium, and surface strain.
“…The as‐synthesized PtFe‐CIC also shows much enhanced electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in the Figure S7c (Supporting Information). The high performance for ORR and MOR of the PtFe‐CIC catalyst results from the porous nature and the uniform morphology of clusters, which are favorable for diffusion of oxygen and methanol …”
Rational design and construction of high‐performance electrocatalytic nanomaterials is significant for improving activity and stability of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and the sensitivity and selectivity of electrochemical sensors. Herein, the synthesis of a class of PtFe clusters with a cube‐in‐cube structure (PtFe‐CIC) is reported. The nanoscale PtFe clusters are constructed by primary subunits of the nanocube and have porous structure and high surface area. The PtFe‐CIC exhibits much enhanced electrocatalytic activity for ORR by showing high specific activity and mass activity. The PtFe‐CIC is a highly universal and efficient electrocatalyst for boosting the electrocatalysis of H2O2 and hydrazine to construct high‐sensitivity sensors in 0.1 m phosphate‐buffered saline solution. The as‐prepared PtFe‐CIC shows a wide detection range of 2 × 10−9 to 1.5 × 10−3m for H2O2 with a very low detection limit of 0.7 × 10−9m, and a wide linear range of 0.1–357.9 × 10−6m for hydrazine with a very low detection limit of 33 × 10−9m. This work opens a new way to design 3D superarchitectures with porous structure for boosting electrocatalysis of small molecules.
“…[31] The ncs-Pt showed high-index facets (200), (210), (211), and (300) compared to other reported works. [10,16,[32][33][34][35] This consequently leads to higher catalytic activity due to the presence of high-density atomic steps, Articles ledges, and kinks. [36] Moreover, at 2θ values of 38.35°and 44.46°t wo diffraction patterns appeared which can be assigned to Au (111) and Au (200), respectively; which probably occurred due to the Au coated substrate.…”
Section: Physical Characterization Of Ncs-ptsmentioning
Poisoning from carbonaceous species and poor mass activity of catalysts are two major challenges that should be overcome for the commercial applications of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). In this work, superior poison-tolerant, carbon-free nanocoral-structured platinum (ncs-Pt) catalysts are successfully synthesized by using a micelle-directed method. The morphology and pore size of ncs-Pt are tailored by varying the compositional ratio of Pt in the precursor solutions and by changing the molecular ratios of different surfactant blocks. The physical properties of the ncs-Pt catalyst are observed through field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, whereas the electrochemical characteristics are analyzed through cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The developed ncs-Pt (5 mM) catalyst exhibits a high density of porous structures, high index facets, lower dband center, and a highly negative onset potential (À 0.59 V). Therefore, the developed ncs-Pt catalyst offers enhanced mass activity 6.56 mA/μg and superior poison tolerance 5.62 for the methanol oxidation reaction.[a] S.
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