Highly effective carbon-supported gold-ionic liquid catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination

Abstract

The sulfur-containing ionic liquid (IL) trimethylsulfonium iodide (C3H9SI) was used to synthesize an efficient non-mercuric catalyst with HAuCl4·4H2O as a precursor and spherical active carbon (SAC) as a support.

Design of choline chloride modified USY zeolites for palladium-catalyzed acetylene hydrochlorination

“…For the fresh catalysts (Fig. 4a and c), there appear almost no Pd dusters or nanoparticles on all USY-based supports, indicating the highly dispersed palladium particles, 52–54 which is consistent with the XRD analysis (Fig. 3).…”

Sulfur Promotion in Au/C Catalyzed Acetylene Hydrochlorination

“…This could lead to a decrease in dispersion of gold cations, reducing the activity of the catalyst. Alternatively, the lower amount of sulfur on the surface may reduce any benefit in reactant adsorption due to sulfur containing compounds, as described in the literature, [ 25 ] thereby resulting in a lower relative activity. The catalyst washed with 50 mL of H 2 O initially achieved an acetylene conversion comparable to the catalyst that underwent a wash volume of 1000 mL (58%), but this decreased at a greater rate, resulting in a catalyst which had a lower final conversion (42%, compared to 48%).…”

“…Qi et al demonstrated the successful use of a sulfur containing ionic liquid, trimethylsulfonium iodide, in the preparation of Au/C catalysts. [25] The enhanced activity was ascribed to increased adsorption of the reactants, in particular HCl, and desorption of the VCM product. The role of sulfur moieties in carbon supported gold catalysts for this reaction has been studied in detail by Duan et al [26] The team demonstrated that high valency sulfur species such as SO 3 H and SO 2 H stabilized the cationic nature of gold nanoclusters, enabling high activity and stability, whereas low valence type molecules such as SH destabilize cationic gold leading to agglomeration and deactivation.…”

“…demonstrated the successful use of a sulfur containing ionic liquid, trimethylsulfonium iodide, in the preparation of Au/C catalysts. [ 25 ] The enhanced activity was ascribed to increased adsorption of the reactants, in particular HCl, and desorption of the VCM product. The role of sulfur moieties in carbon supported gold catalysts for this reaction has been studied in detail by Duan et al.…”

Ru supported on activated carbon and coated with a polydopamine layer for effective acetylene hydrochlorination

“…After screening, gold catalysts have been identified as the most active and promising mercury-free catalysts, whose field has been pioneered by Hutchings's group. [4][5][6] Over the past decade, researchers have studied gold catalyst systems in detail, including singlecomponent catalysts, [7][8][9][10][11] multi-component catalysts, [12][13][14][15][16] Au-IL (ionic liquid) catalysts, 17,18 and Au-ligand catalysts. 19 According to these investigations, the introduction of other metallic or non-metallic components can increase the dispersion of gold components, stabilize the main catalytic species, and assist in improving the adsorption and activation capacity of reactants.…”