2017
DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04038a
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Highly efficient electrochemiluminescence labels comprising iridium(iii) complexes

Abstract: Improving the performance of labeling agents is crucial to the further development of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) related technologies. Although a large number of ECL luminophores beyond ruthenium complexes have been reported so far, there is still a scarcity of studies involving novel ECL labeling agents. Herein, five novel iridium ECL labels and one control label comprising a ruthenium complex have been rationally designed and thoroughly characterized using photophysical techniques, theoretical calculatio… Show more

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Cited by 34 publications
(19 citation statements)
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“…However, examples of transition metal complexes which are able to give ECL in this emission region have been scarce until very recently . In addition, while many neutral Ir(III) complexes are known to be ECL active in nonaqueous environment, often with an external efficiency much higher than Ru(bpy) 3 2+ ; their very low solubility in aqueous media and high sensitivity to oxygen have so far limited their potential use in chemo‐/bio‐analytical applications.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 94%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…However, examples of transition metal complexes which are able to give ECL in this emission region have been scarce until very recently . In addition, while many neutral Ir(III) complexes are known to be ECL active in nonaqueous environment, often with an external efficiency much higher than Ru(bpy) 3 2+ ; their very low solubility in aqueous media and high sensitivity to oxygen have so far limited their potential use in chemo‐/bio‐analytical applications.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 94%
“…[33] However, examples of transition metal complexes which are able to give ECL in this emission region have been scarce until very recently. [34] In addition, while many neutral Ir(III) complexes are known to be ECL active in nonaqueous environment, often with an external efficiency much higher than Ru(bpy) 3 …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…5 as the [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ complex, even though they were not evaluated under bead-based assay conditions that would limit the ECL pathway to that depicted in Scheme 1b. Examples include Ir(pq) 2 (acac) ( λ em = 609 nm, E 0 ′ = 0.57 V and –2.05 V vs. Fc +/0 ),40 Ir(pph) 2 (pic) ( λ em = 649 nm, E 0 ′ = 0.61 V and –1.94 V vs. Fc +/0 ),16 and [Ir(dmpq) 2 (mbpy-COOH)] + ( λ em = 590 nm, E 0 ′ = 0.78 V and –1.66 V vs. Fc +/0 ),19 where dmpq = 2-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)quinoline.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2d). 15,18,19 However, this appears to limit the range of electrochemical potentials, emission wavelengths and ECL intensities of the complexes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nevertheless, very few of the iridium(III) complexes examined as ECL luminophores to date are soluble in the aqueous conditions in which most ECL assays are performed (Fernandez-Hernandez et al, 2016;Zhou et al, 2017). As previously reported, the solubility can be improved by incorporating polar functional groups such as sulfonates (Kiran et al, 2009;Jia et al, 2012) or saccharides (Li et al, 2011a,b) on one or more ligands of the complex.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%