Highly sensitive and selective hydrogen gas sensor using sputtered grown Pd decorated MnO2 nanowalls

Sanger, Amit; Kumar, Ashwani; Kumar, Arvind; Chandra, Ramesh

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2016.04.152

Cited by 124 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Additionally, because of the catalytic characteristics of NiO, it can dissociate H 2 molecules into H atoms (H adsorbed ), which spill over onto the ZnO surface to react with adsorbed oxygen species (O − ) according to following equations [42,43]: H 2 → 2H …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Enhancement of Hydrogen-Sensing Properties of ZnO Nanofibers through NiO Loading

et al. 2018

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Metal oxide p-n heterojunction nanofibers (NFs) are among the most promising approaches to enhancing the efficiency of gas sensors. In this paper, we report the preparation of a series of p-NiO-loaded n-ZnO NFs, namely (1−x)ZnO-xNiO (x = 0.03, 0.05, 0.7, 0.1, and 0.15 wt%), for hydrogen gas sensing experiments. Samples were prepared through the electrospinning technique followed by a calcination process. The sensing experiments showed that the sample with 0.05 wt% NiO loading resulted in the highest sensing performance at an optimal sensing temperature of 200 °C. The sensing mechanism is discussed in detail and contributions of the p-n heterojunctions, metallization of ZnO and catalytic effect of NiO on the sensing enhancements of an optimized gas sensor are analyzed. This study demonstrates the possibility of fabricating high-performance H2 sensors through the optimization of p-type metal oxide loading on the surfaces of n-type metal oxides.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Enhancement of Hydrogen-Sensing Properties of ZnO Nanofibers through NiO Loading

et al. 2018

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“…Generally, a wide range of gases can interact with chemisorbed oxygen ions on to the surface of sensing layer and subsequently may create interference to the gas analyte which has to be detected surrounded by other gases. Thus, to prevent from the false signal of unwanted gas species, many reports have been published to rectify the issue of cross sensitivity in order to obtain highly selective sensor response by using various techniques such as (a) doping of transition metal into metal oxide 12–14 , (b) decoration of noble metal nanoparticles over the metal oxide 15, 16 , (c) employment of hybrid metal oxide sensing layers 17, 18 , (d) altering the operating temperature 19, 20 and (e) use of filtering layers 21–23 . However, altering the operating temperature of sensing layer is more effective method to increase selectivity because of difference in adsorption energy and surface reactivity of various gas species but it also has some adverse effect such as the changing in grain size or surface structure of sensing layer due to higher temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pd/ZnO nanorods based sensor for highly selective detection of extremely low concentration hydrogen

Kumar

Bhati

Ranwa

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

111

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We report highly hydrogen selective Pd contacted ZnO nanorods based sensor detecting low concentration even at low operating temperature of 50 °C. The sensor performance was investigated for various gases such as H2, CH4, H2S and CO2 at different operating temperatures from 50 °C to 175 °C for various gas concentrations ranging from 7 ppm to 10,000 ppm (1%). The sensor is highly efficient as it detects hydrogen even at low concentration of ~7 ppm and at operating temperature of 50 °C. The sensor’s minimum limit of detection and relative response at 175 °C were found 7 ppm with ~38.7% for H2, 110 ppm with ~6.08% for CH4, 500 ppm with ~10.06% for H2S and 1% with ~11.87% for CO2. Here, Pd exhibits dual characteristics as metal contact and excellent catalyst to hydrogen molecules. The activation energy was calculated for all the gases and found lowest ~3.658 kJ/mol for H2. Low activation energy accelerates desorption reactions and enhances the sensor’s performance.

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“…The change in electrical resistance of ZnO, WO 3 and Pd/ WO 3 -ZnO thin lms synthesized on porous silicon were studied in a custom designed sensing setup (volume of 300 cm 3 ) equipped with PID controlled electric heater with two probe system using source meter (Keithley 2400) and a nanovoltmeter (Keithley 2182 A). 36 The schematic representation of the gas sensing test setup is described in authors' previous study. Prior to sensing test, the sensing chamber was evacuated to 3 Â 10…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous silicon filled with Pd/WO₃–ZnO composite thin film for enhanced H₂ gas-sensing performance

et al. 2017

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Here, pure ZnO, WO 3 and Pd/WO 3 -ZnO composite porous thin films were successfully synthesized directly on porous silicon by a reactive DC magnetron sputtering technique. A sensor based on the Pd/WO 3 -ZnO composite porous thin films showed remarkably improved H 2 sensing performance with good stability and excellent selectivity compared to that of pure WO 3 and ZnO, at a relatively lower operating temperature (200 C) and with a low detection range of 10-1000 ppm. The enhanced response can be attributed to the heterojunction formed between two dissimilar materials. The underlying mechanism behind their good performance for H 2 gas was discussed in detail.

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Highly sensitive and selective hydrogen gas sensor using sputtered grown Pd decorated MnO2 nanowalls

Cited by 124 publications

References 43 publications

Significant Enhancement of Hydrogen-Sensing Properties of ZnO Nanofibers through NiO Loading

Significant Enhancement of Hydrogen-Sensing Properties of ZnO Nanofibers through NiO Loading

Pd/ZnO nanorods based sensor for highly selective detection of extremely low concentration hydrogen

Porous silicon filled with Pd/WO₃–ZnO composite thin film for enhanced H₂ gas-sensing performance

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Highly sensitive and selective hydrogen gas sensor using sputtered grown Pd decorated MnO2 nanowalls

Cited by 124 publications

References 43 publications

Significant Enhancement of Hydrogen-Sensing Properties of ZnO Nanofibers through NiO Loading

Significant Enhancement of Hydrogen-Sensing Properties of ZnO Nanofibers through NiO Loading

Pd/ZnO nanorods based sensor for highly selective detection of extremely low concentration hydrogen

Porous silicon filled with Pd/WO3–ZnO composite thin film for enhanced H2 gas-sensing performance

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Porous silicon filled with Pd/WO₃–ZnO composite thin film for enhanced H₂ gas-sensing performance