2013
DOI: 10.1126/science.1228246
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

Highly Variable El Niño–Southern Oscillation Throughout the Holocene

Abstract: The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) drives large changes in global climate patterns from year to year, yet its sensitivity to continued anthropogenic greenhouse forcing is uncertain. We analyzed fossil coral reconstructions of ENSO spanning the past 7000 years from the Northern Line Islands, located in the center of action for ENSO. The corals document highly variable ENSO activity, with no evidence for a systematic trend in ENSO variance, which is contrary to some models that exhibit a response to insolat… Show more

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
1
1

Citation Types

30
433
2

Year Published

2013
2013
2017
2017

Publication Types

Select...
8
1

Relationship

0
9

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 436 publications
(472 citation statements)
references
References 31 publications
30
433
2
Order By: Relevance
“…Although paleo-ENSO records are difficult to reconstruct, particularly in the early Holocene (33−35), our IRM soft-flux record appears to be consistent with paleo-ENSO proxies available for the Holocene. Geological data and climate models document a mid-Holocene reduction in ENSO intensity and fewer El Niño-related flood events (33,34,(36)(37)(38) (Fig. 3 D and E).…”
Section: Close Correlation Between El Niño−southern Oscillation and Smentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although paleo-ENSO records are difficult to reconstruct, particularly in the early Holocene (33−35), our IRM soft-flux record appears to be consistent with paleo-ENSO proxies available for the Holocene. Geological data and climate models document a mid-Holocene reduction in ENSO intensity and fewer El Niño-related flood events (33,34,(36)(37)(38) (Fig. 3 D and E).…”
Section: Close Correlation Between El Niño−southern Oscillation and Smentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, climate underwent dramatic changes during the last 25 ky as the Earth's climate changed from cold glacial to modern-day warm interglacial conditions. These large changes in climate boundary conditions affected the ENSO system and offer an opportunity to better understand the relationship between the Tropical Pacific mean state and ENSO variability 5,6 .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…its intensity, could be changed, as implied by adequate proxy reconstructions for at least the last 10,000 years (e.g. Tudhope et al, 2001;Moy et al, 2002;Riedinger et al, 2002;Conroy et al, 2008;Koutavas et al, 2012;Cobb et al, 2013;Carre et al, 2014;Ford et al, 2015;Emile-Geay et al, 2015), attributed to the variations of multiple external forcings. So it is important to study the change of ENSO dynamics of the past to gain some clues for the future.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Neither observational records (Moy et al, 2002;Riedinger et al, 2002;Conroy et al, 20 2008;Cobb et al, 2013;Carre et al, 2014) nor climate modeling studies (see Roberts et al, 2014 for a summary; An and Choi, 2014) are sufficient enough, till this day, to fully address this issue, and how ENSO responds to the variations of external forcings remains debatable. We provide a perception, self-consistent within at least one complex climate model that the ENSO variability could increase gradually from the mid-Holocene to pre-industrial time due to precessional forcing.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%