Histochemical Demonstration of Heavy Metals in the Reptilian Archicortex

Gozzo, Stefano; Iacopino, Carmela; Altavista, Maria Concetta; Albanese, Alberto

doi:10.3109/00207458509070815

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This procedure reveals a prominent pattern of histochemically positive and negative areas (Molowny and Lopez-Garcia, 1978;Lopez-Garcia et al, 1983a,b, 1984a, 1990aGozzo et al, 1985;Lopez-Garcia and Martínez-Guijarro, 1988;Olucha et al, 1988;Pérez-Clausell, 1988;Smeets et al, 1989), which is highly characteristic in the squamate cerebral cortex. The vesicular-zinc enriched axonal system of the lizard medial cortex has been compared with the mossy fibers of the mammalian hippocampus (Molowny and Lopez-Garcia, 1978;Lopez-Garcia et al 1983a,b, 1988a, 1990aLopez-Garcia and Martínez-Guijarro, 1988;Martínez-Guijarro et al, 1991a).…”

Section: Age Related Changes Of the Medial Cortex Projection Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The medial cortex principal neurons emit a zincenriched axonal projection to the juxtasomatic dendritic segments of the bipyramidal neurons of the dorsal and dorsomedial areas (Martínez-Guijarro et al, 1984;Lopez-Garcia and Martínez-Guijarro, 1988), forming conspicuous synaptic fields comparable to the stratum lucidum of the hippocampal CA3 area of mammals (Molowny and Lopez-Garcia, 1978;Lopez-Garcia et al, 1983b;Gozzo et al, 1985). These axons form large presynaptic boutons that accumulate zinc inside their synaptic vesicles (Lopez-Garcia et al, 1983a, and they are glutamate immunoreactive (Martínez-Guijarro et al, 1991a), thereby closely resembling the hippocampal mossy fibers.…”

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A Golgi study of the principal projection neurons of the medial cortex of the lizardPodarcis hispanica

Iglesia

López‐García

1997

J. Comp. Neurol.

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The medial cortex of lizards is a simple three-layered brain region displaying many characteristics that parallel the hippocampal fascia dentata of mammals. Its principal neurons form a morphologically diverse population, partly as a result of the prominent continuous growth of this nervous center. By using the classic Golgi impregnation method, we describe here the morphology of the principal neurons populating the medial cortex of Podarcis hispanica. These were projection neurons giving off descending axons. These axons displayed deep collateral branches provided with prominent axonal boutons, while the main axonal branch reached adjacent cortical areas and the bilateral septum. According to three main classification criteria, dendritic tree pattern, dendritic spine covering, and soma size, we have distinguished eight different types of projection neurons. Five of them, "heavily spiny granular" (monotufted, medium-sized), "heavily spiny bitufted" (large), "spiny bitufted" (medium-sized), "sparsely spiny bitufted" (small), and "superficial multipolar" (small), were found in the cell layer, whereas the three others lay outside this layer and were regarded as ectopic types ("outer plexiform ectopic bitufted," "inner plexiform ectopic bitufted", and "inner plexiform monotufted"). Additional secondary criteria, soma position and shape, allowed us to further classify bitufted neurons into three distinct subtypes each: "superficial-round," "intermediate-fusiform," and "deep-pyramidal." Moreover, a variety of small impregnated cells were observed; they probably represented newly generated immature neurons that had not yet completed their development. These cell types were compared with those reported previously in Golgi, immunocytochemical, and electron-microscopy studies, both in the reptilian medial cortex and in the mammalian dentate area. Presumably age-related changes and synaptic relationships of these projection cells in the medial cortex circuitry were analyzed.

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Section: Age Related Changes Of the Medial Cortex Projection Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Golgi study of the principal projection neurons of the medial cortex of the lizardPodarcis hispanica

Iglesia

López‐García

1997

J. Comp. Neurol.

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The distribution of zinc in the forebrain and midbrain of the lizard Gekko gecko

1989

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The distribution of zinc in the forebrain and midbrain of the lizard Gekko gecko was studied with the recently modified Timm method. Areas with a high intensity of staining are almost exclusively found in the telencephalon, although also some structures in the diencephalon display notable staining. Cortical areas that stain heavily are the deep zone of the subcortical layer of the small-celled medial cortex, the longitudinal association bundle that encompasses the large-celled medial cortex, and the dorsal cortex. Of the subcortical areas, particularly the anterior septal nucleus shows a high intensity of staining. Moderate to dense Timm staining is further observed in the ventral part of the anterior lateral cortex, the lateral septal nucleus, the striatum, the amygdaloid complex, and the dorsal ventricular ridge. Staining in the diencephalon is primarily confined to the stria terminalis and the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, whereas in the midbrain weak staining is observed in the ventral tegmental area and the periventricular layers of the tectum and the tegmentum. The presence of zinc in the gekkonid brain is discussed in relation to connections and neurotransmitters as studied in same species. Moreover, similarities in pattern of staining for zinc in mammals and reptiles and possible evolutionary implications are mentioned.

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Social stress and corticosterone regionally upregulate limbic N-methyl-d-aspartatereceptor (NR) subunit type NR2A and NR2B in the lizard anolis carolinensis

et al. 2004

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Histochemical Demonstration of Heavy Metals in the Reptilian Archicortex

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

A Golgi study of the principal projection neurons of the medial cortex of the lizardPodarcis hispanica

A Golgi study of the principal projection neurons of the medial cortex of the lizardPodarcis hispanica

The distribution of zinc in the forebrain and midbrain of the lizard Gekko gecko

Social stress and corticosterone regionally upregulate limbic N-methyl-d-aspartatereceptor (NR) subunit type NR2A and NR2B in the lizard anolis carolinensis

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