Histopathological, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity evaluation of Biosilicate® glass–ceramic scaffolds

Abstract

This study evaluated the biocompatibility of Biosilicate® scaffolds by means of histopathological, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity analysis. The histopathologic analysis of the biomaterial was performed using 65 male rats, distributed into the groups: control and Biosilicate®, evaluated at 7, 15, 30, 45, and 60 days after implantation. The cytotoxicity analysis was performed by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, with various concentrations of extracts from the biomaterial in culture of osteoblasts and fibroblasts after 24, 72, and 120 h. The genotoxicity analysis (comet assay) was performed in osteoblasts and fibroblasts after contact with the biomaterial during 24, 72, and 96 h. In the histopathology analysis, we observed a foreign body reaction, characterized by the presence of granulation tissue after 7 days of implantation of the biomaterial, and fibrosis connective tissue and multinucleated giant cells for longer periods. In the cytotoxicity analysis, extracts from the biomaterial did not inhibit the proliferation of osteoblasts and fibroblasts, and relatively low concentrations (12.5% and 25%) stimulated the proliferation of both cell types after 72 and 120 h. The analysis of genotoxicity showed that Biosilicate® did not induce DNA damage in both lineages tested in all periods. The results showed that the Biosilicate® scaffolds present in vivo and in vitro biocompatibility.

Biosilicate®–gelatine bone scaffolds by the foam replica technique: development and characterization

“…Previously, porous Biosilicate ® scaffolds (77% open porosity and 5% closed porosity) were obtained by addition of carbon black as a porogen agent [10]. In our study, for the first time, Biosilicate ® scaffolds with highly interconnected pore structure and high porosity (> 90%) have been fabricated by the foam replica technique.…”

“…A fully crystallized glass-ceramic of the system P 2 O 5 –Na 2 O–CaO–SiO 2 , labelled Biosilicate ® , has been developed which exhibits high bioactivity and enhanced in vitro bone-like tissue formation [9]. A recent in vivo study [10] showed that Biosilicate ® scaffolds produced by the addition of porogen agents are biocompatible and non-cytotoxic. Moreover, since 2004, this material has been successfully tested in vitro and has been employed in clinical trials for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity [11, 12].…”

Characterization and biocompatibility of a fibrous glassy scaffold

“…These cell lineages were selected because of their close contact to the fibrous scaffold in ectopic and orthotopic applications of the biomaterial. Additionally, L929 lineages are widely used for biocompatibility tests (Serrano et al, ; Nath et al, ; Liu and Chang, ; Kido et al, ).…”

“…In the cytotoxicity analysis, an indirect assay (MTT) was used to measure the effects on cell viability of the products leached from the fibrous glassy scaffolds (Mosmann, ) according to Kido et al (). L929 and OSTEO‐1 cells were divided into a control group (CG) and a biomaterial group (BG).…”

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of calcium silicate-based cements on an osteoblast lineage

“…39 Biosilicate® analysis of genotoxicity showed no DNA damage in lineages, osteoblasts or fibroblasts, in all the evaluation periods (24, 72, and 96 hours). 40 The different modified CSCs presented appropriate cell viability results. A high number of living cells were preserved in the cells exposed to CSCs, although the percentage of apoptosis increased slightly.…”