HIV risk behaviors among outpatients with severe mental illness in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Wainberg, Milton L.; McKinnon, Karen; Elkington, Katherine S.; Mattos, Paulo; Mann, Claudio Gruber; Pinto, Diana; Otto‐Salaj, Laura L.; Cournos, Francine

doi:10.1002/j.2051-5545.2008.tb00190.x

Cited by 30 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…Stable relationships are usually based on trust and loyalty, and the request for condom use by one of the partners may weaken this relationship and may generate distrust, as it is generally acceptable for contraception purposes, rather than for protection against STD among stable couples 3,18,19 . In addition, living with a partner and/or children was a significant contextual factor associated with an increased risk of unprotected sex among both, men and women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with unprotected sexual practice among men and women with mental illnesses in Brazil

2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adults with severe mental illnesses are at increased risk of HIV infection with higher rates of unprotected sex as compared to the general population 1,2,3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with unprotected sexual practice among men and women with mental illnesses in Brazil

2014

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“…47 Similar findings have been reported in Brazil. 48 Another important issue in this scenario is the possible relationship between substance abuserelated problems and the patients' reasons for seeking treatment. There is evidence that physical symptoms such as abstinence-related pain often motivate seeking treatment.…”

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confidence: 99%

Who seeks public treatment for substance abuse in Brazil? Results of a multicenter study involving four Brazilian state capitals

Faller

Peuker

Sordi

et al. 2014

Trends Psychiatry Psychother.

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Objective: To assess the characteristics of alcohol and drug users who seek treatment at the Brazilian Unified Health System in Brazil. Method: A multicenter cross-sectional study involving five clinical and research centers located in four Brazilian state capitals was conducted with 740 in-and outpatients. The only exclusion criterion was the presence of neurological or severe psychiatric symptoms at the moment of the interview. The Addiction Severity Index (ASI-6) and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) were used to assess the severity of substance use and the problems related. Results: There were significantly more men than women in the sample; mean age was 36 years. The drug most frequently used at all sites was alcohol (78%), followed by cocaine/crack (51%). Alcohol was the drug that most commonly motivated treatment seeking, at all centers. ASI-6 Summary Scores for Recent Functioning (SS-Rs) were quite similar among centers. SS-Rs were compared between users who had never received treatment for psychoactive substance abuse (n = 265, 36.1%) and those who had already been treated at one or more occasions (n = 470, 63.9%). This analysis revealed significant differences between the groups in the drug, psychiatric symptoms, legal, and family/ social problems areas (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings confirm previous evidence suggesting that the management of patients seeking drug abuse treatment should take several different aspects into consideration, e.g., education, employment, and family relationships, which often appear as areas of concern for these individuals. Keywords: Substance abuse, treatment, multicenter, alcohol, drugs, public health. ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar as características dos usuários de álcool e drogas que procuram tratamento no Sistema Único de Saúde. Método: Estudo transversal multicêntrico envolvendo cinco centros clínicos/de pesquisa localizados em quatro capitais brasileiras foi realizado com 740 pacientes hospitalizados e ambulatoriais. O único critério de exclusão foi a presença de sintomas neurológicos ou psiquiátricos graves no momento da entrevista. A Escala de Gravidade de Dependência (Addiction Severity Index, ASI-6) e o teste ASSIST (Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test) foram utilizados para avaliar a severidade do uso de substância e problemas relacionados. Resultados: Houve significativamente mais homens do que mulheres na amostra; a idade média foi de 36 anos. A droga mais usada em todos os centros foi o álcool (78%), seguido de cocaína/ crack (51%). O álcool foi a droga que mais motivou procura por tratamento, em todos os centros. Os Escores Resumidos da ASI-6 para Funcionamento Recente (SS-Rs) foram bastante similares nos centros. SS-Rs foram comparados entre usuários que nunca haviam recebido tratamento para abuso de substâncias (n = 265, 36,1%) e aqueles que já haviam sido tratados uma ou mais vezes (n = 470, 63,9%). Foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos nas áreas de droga, sintomas psiq...

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“…An average of more than 60% of the people with SMI correctly answered the questionnaire evaluating knowledge about HIV/AIDS (Guimarães, McKinnon, Campos, Melo & Wainberg, 2010;Knox, Boaz, Friedrich & Dow, 1994;Magagula, Mamabolo, Krüger & Fletcher, 2012;Otto-Salaj, Heckman, Stevenson & Kelly, 1998;Randolph et al, 2007;Stevenson & Eilers, 1992;Strauss, Bosworth, Stechuchak, Meador & Butterfield, 2006;Wainberg et al, 2008).…”

Section: Knowledge and Beliefs About Hiv/aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with HIV transmission risk in people with a severe mental illness. A narrative review

Galarza‐Tejada

Caballero-Hoyos

Lira

2017

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Background. People with a severe mental illness (SMI) are a highly vulnerable group for the transmission risk of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). They have a higher seroprevalence compared with the general population and their life expectancy is shorter than those of people without the disease. This narrative review describes individual factors or those inherent to a person's characteristics and the sociocultural factors conditioning sexual behaviour and prevention norms. Objective. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe individual and sociocultural factors associated with the risk of HIV in people with a severe mental illness. Method. 82 empirical studies published between 1981 and 2015, addressing HIV transmission risk factors and sociocultural dimensions related to vulnerability were selected. Four indexes were used for this purpose: ISI Web of Knowledge, Redalyc, SciELO, and PUBMED; and four multidisciplinary electronic databases: Ebscohost Web, ProQuest, Sage Publications and ScienceDirect. Results. The analysis based on coding and systematic categorization shows that people with SMI are more vulnerable to risk than the general population, with differentials based on the severity of the disease symptomatology and economic and sociocultural characteristics associated with HIV-related risk practices. Discussion and conclusion. The need to design longitudinal studies with mixed methodology is proposed to attain a deeper understanding of the interaction of factors associated and processes conditioning risk. In this population group, structural preventive programs that take into account social and gender inequality must be implemented.

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HIV risk behaviors among outpatients with severe mental illness in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Cited by 30 publications

References 31 publications

Factors associated with unprotected sexual practice among men and women with mental illnesses in Brazil

Factors associated with unprotected sexual practice among men and women with mental illnesses in Brazil

Who seeks public treatment for substance abuse in Brazil? Results of a multicenter study involving four Brazilian state capitals

Factors associated with HIV transmission risk in people with a severe mental illness. A narrative review

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