Hollow Carbon Nanobelts Codoped with Nitrogen and Sulfur via a Self‐Templated Method for a High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Capacitor

Abstract

conventional batteries. [8][9][10][11][12] However, it is still a big challenge to develop a hybrid device possessing both energy density comparable to lithium-ion batteries and power density and cycling stability comparable to EDLC.Meanwhile, the ever-growing consumption of lithium resources driven by the fast development of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles will eventually lead to a considerable gap between the demand and lithium-based devices, because that the lithium reserves on the earth are quite limited. [13][14][15][16][17] Alternatively, the sodium-ion based energy storage devices, especially hybrid supercapacitors were considered as promising alternatives to lithium-ion based electrochemical devices due to its abundant storage. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] In the past years, several sodium-ion based hybrid supercapacitors have been developed with different configurations. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] For example, Yamada and co-workers reported a high-performance sodium-ion capacitor using Ti 2 CT x as anode and Na 2 Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 as the cathode, [46] and the device demonstrated high rate capacities of 90 and 40 mAh g −1 at 1.0 and 5.0 A g −1 , respectively, good cycling stability of 96% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.6 A g −1 , high energy density of 260 Wh kg −1 at 1.4 kW kg −1 (based on the weight of Ti 2 CT x anode). Yu and co-workers reported a flexible quasi-solid-state sodium-ion capacitor using urchinlike Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 anode, peanut shell derived carbon cathode, and sodium ion conducting gel polymer electrolyte. [47] This SIC exhibited superior electrochemical performance including high energy density of 111.2 Wh kg −1 at 800 W kg −1 (calculated on the total mass of both electrodes), and long cycling stability with 86% capacity retention after 3000 cycles. However, there is still much room to improve the energy densities of sodium-ion capacitors (SICs) to meet with the application requirements.Involving the pseudocapacitance reaction to the EDLC electrode is a possible strategy to further improve the energy density of hybrid supercapacitors because the pseudocapacitance reaction features the abilities to achieve additional capacity than Helmholtz double layer adsorption reaction and meanwhile keep fast reaction kinetics, which has been previously utilized in hybrid capacitors. [48][49][50][51][52][53][54] Herein, we reported a novel SIC based on N and S codoped hollow carbon nanobelts (N/S-HCNs) cathode and tin foil anode in a carbonate Sodium-ion capacitors (SICs) have attracted enormous attention due to their high energy density and high power density. In this work, N and S codoped hollow carbon nanobelts (N/S-HCNs) are synthesized by a self-templated method. The as-synthesized carbon nanobelts exhibit excellent performance in pseudocapacitance and electric double layer anions adsorption. After pairing the N/S-HCNs cathode with a tin foil anode in a carbonate electrolyte, the obtained SIC achieves a high spec...

Graphene‐wrapped poly(2,5‐dihydroxy‐1,4‐benzoquinone‐3,6‐methylene) nanoflowers as low‐cost and high‐performance cathode materials for sodium‐ion batteries

“…However, the scarcity and uneven distribution of lithium resources limit the wide application of LIBs in large‐scale energy storage market . Sodium, which is chemically similar in many properties and abundantly distributed in the crust, is an alternative for lithium . Therefore, the energy storage system of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) has obvious advantages in resources and cost, and has great potential in the future.…”

Recent Advances in Alkali Metal‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors

“…Some metals can alloy with alkali metals such as Sn, [102] and provide huge capacity but dramatic volume change. Lang et al [103] .…”

Structural Evaluation of Coal-Tar-Pitch-Based Carbon Materials and Their Na+ Storage Properties

“…Combined with the above analyses, the increased capacitive contributions of 800-SPC can be facilely explained. Namely, as shown in Figure 8, the expanded distances of carbon layers provide fast channels to remove Na + , and defects produced by S-doping provide the active sites which are beneficial to enhancing the capacitive effects [46,47]. Voltage (V) Scan Rate (mV/s)…”