Holocene cemented beach deposits in Belize

Gischler, Eberhard; Lomando, Anthony J.

doi:10.1016/s0037-0738(96)00088-7

Cited by 88 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Determining whether new mineral precipitation is physicochemical or biologically driven addresses one of the critical points of discussion regarding beachrock formation mechanisms. Many previous studies attributed beachrock cementation to abiotic physicochemical processes (Moore, 1973;Hanor, 1978;El-Sayed, 1988;Gischler and Lomando, 1997) and much of the new cements observed in the present study appear as space-filling euhedral aragonite crystals, which classically would be considered abiotic in nature ( Figure 5). However, closer examination using SEM reveals that these crystals contain and are encapsulated in EPS, suggesting a microbial component to their formation, e.g., localized, higher calcium concentrations and/or a role in mineral nucleation.…”

Section: Internal Recycling Of Cations Part Ii: Carbonate Cement Precsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Proposed physicochemical methods of beachrock formation include direct cement precipitation from meteoric water (Russell and McIntire, 1965) or marine water (Alexandersson, 1969;Alexandersson, 1972;Magaritz et al, 1979;Gischler and Lomando, 1997), mixing of marine and meteoric waters (Moore, 1973;El-Sayed, 1988), evaporation (Ginsburg, 1953), and degassing of CO 2 (Meyers, 1987;Dickinson, 1999).…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beachrock formation via microbial dissolution and re-precipitation of carbonate minerals

et al. 2016

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Section: Internal Recycling Of Cations Part Ii: Carbonate Cement Precsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beachrock formation via microbial dissolution and re-precipitation of carbonate minerals

et al. 2016

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“…Genesis of the beachrock in the study area was favoured by the mixing of marine and fresh water as well as by the high permeability of the sediment. Beachrock occurrence has been reported mainly in lower latitudes (e.g., Moore, 1973;Strasser et al, 1989;Semeniuk, 1996;Gischler and Lomando, 1997;Webb et al, 1999;Vieira and De Ros, in press) but they can also form in higher latitudes (e.g., Kneale and Viles, 2000;Rey et al, 2004). Even for similar latitudes beachrock can or not form, depending on the environmental parameters as reported in Canaria Islands where beachrock only formed in the west coast which is dominated by a dry warm climate (Calvet et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Holocene sea level fluctuations and coastal evolution in the central Algarve (southern Portugal)

et al. 2007

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In Armação de Pêra Bay, southern Portugal, environmental changes during the Holocene can be interpreted based on the morphological and sedimentological similarities between older geomorphic features (cemented beach and dune rocks) and present coastal features. Using knowledge of the present beach and dune processes, we propose a two-step model for the evolution of Armação de Pêra Bay. First, during the rapid sea level rise between about 8 800 and 6 600 yr cal BP, the bay changed from a positive to a negative budget littoral cell and transgressive dunes formed, favoured by drought conditions. At about 5 000 yr cal BP, during a sea level maximum, beach width was less than the critical fetch and dunes stabilized and underwent cementation during the wetter Atlantic climatic event. The second phase of dune accumulation started at about 3 200 yr cal BP, due to a regression of sea level during which the bay changed back to a positive budget littoral cell in which beach width was greater than the critical fetch. Currently, the beach width is less than the critical fetch, dunes are inactive, and the sedimentary budget is negative due to sediment storage in local river systems.

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“…Beachrock formation has previously been attributed to strictly abiotic physicochemical processes (Alexandersson, 1969;Alexandersson, 1972;Davies and Kinsey, 1973;Dickinson, 1999;El-Sayed, 1988;Ginsburg, 1953;Gischler and Lomando, 1997;Meyers, 1987;Moore, 1973;Russell and McIntire, 1965). Biological processes also have been suggested (Davies and Kinsey, 1973;Krumbein, 1979;Maxwell, 1962) with recent studies highlighting the potential importance of microorganisms in beachrock cementation processes (Danjo and Kawasaki, 2013;Khan et al, 2016;Krumbein, 1979;Neumeier, 1999;Novitsky, 1981;Webb and Jell, 1997;Webb et al, 1999).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building biogenic beachrock: Visualizing microbially-mediated carbonate cement precipitation using XFM and a strontium tracer

et al. 2017

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The fate of reef islands is a topic of ongoing debate in the face of climate change-induced sea-level rise and increased cyclone intensity. Increased erosion and changes to the supply of reef-derived sediment may put sand reef cays at risk of dramatic morphological changes.These changes may have negative implications for the existence of reef cay environments, which host vital sea turtle and bird rookery habitats. Beachrock, consolidated carbonate beach sediment in the intertidal zone, forms naturally on many tropical beaches and reduces the erosion rates of these beaches when compared to unconsolidated sand. In spite of the critical role beachrock plays in stabilizing some reef cay shores, the method of beachrock formation is still incompletely understood. In this investigation, beachrock was synthesized using beach sand and beachrock samples from Heron Island (Great Barrier Reef, Australia) in aquarium experiments in which natural beachrock formation conditions were simulated. Beachrock was produced in two aquaria wherein the water chemistry was influenced by microorganisms derived from the natural beachrock 'inoculum', whereas no cementation occurred in an aquarium that lacked a microbial inoculum and was controlled only by physicochemical evapoconcentration. The new cements in the synthesized beachrock were analyzed using synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy and were identified using a Sr-tracer added to the experimental seawater. The resulting precipitates cement sand grains together and contain abundant microfossils of the microorganisms on whose exopolymer they nucleated, demonstrating the fundamental role microbes play in beachrock formation. These results are of interest because beachrock could be utilized as a natural coastline stabilization strategy on sand reef cays, and in turn, protect the unique habitats reef islands support.

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Holocene cemented beach deposits in Belize

Cited by 88 publications

References 21 publications

Beachrock formation via microbial dissolution and re-precipitation of carbonate minerals

Beachrock formation via microbial dissolution and re-precipitation of carbonate minerals

Holocene sea level fluctuations and coastal evolution in the central Algarve (southern Portugal)

Building biogenic beachrock: Visualizing microbially-mediated carbonate cement precipitation using XFM and a strontium tracer

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