Horizontal Transmission of Turkey Herpesvirus to Chickens IV. Viral Maturation in the Feather Follicle Epithelium

Br, Cho

doi:10.2307/1588964

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Steck and Haberstich (1976) found no precipitating antigen in the feather follicles in chickens given HVT at 1-day-old. Our findings are in conflict with the data of Zygraich and Huygelen (1972) and Cho (1975), who found infectious HVT in feather follicles during 2 to 4 weeks after virus inoculation at 1-day-old. Rispens et al (1972) found infectious virus in feather tips from birds, viraemic after inoculation with MDV strain CVI 988.…”

Section: If In Specimens Of Skin and Viscera Of CVI 988 Vaccinated Chcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Absence of Marek's disease virus antigen in the feather follicle epithelium of vaccinated chicks demonstrated by immunofluorescence

Maas

Vloten²,

Vreede‐Groenewegen³

et al. 1978

Avian Pathology

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SUMMARYIn chickens vaccinated with MDV strain CVI 988, HVT strain FC 126 or PB-THV 1, no MDV-specific antigens could be demonstrated in the feather follicle epithelium by immunofluorescence (IF). In chickens given virulent MDV strains, the epithelium of the feather follicle was positive in IF. In an experiment where chickens were vaccinated with strain CVI 988, positive IF was observed in the lung, bursa and pancreas, but not in the feather follicle epithelium, kidney, cloaca, or caecal tonsils. Absence of IF antigen in the skin may be indicative of avirulence of the strain of MDV.

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Section: If In Specimens Of Skin and Viscera Of CVI 988 Vaccinated Chcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Absence of Marek's disease virus antigen in the feather follicle epithelium of vaccinated chicks demonstrated by immunofluorescence

Maas

Vloten²,

Vreede‐Groenewegen³

et al. 1978

Avian Pathology

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“…The source of immune activation may be the routine vaccination at hatch with live herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) against lymphoma-causing Marek’s disease virus. HVT translocates to and infects the feather follicle epithelium (Cho, 1975) and has been identified as a reliable environmental trigger of S LV expression in susceptible SL chickens (Erf et al, 2001). Recent cytokine gene-expression analysis at the transcriptome level by Abdul-Careem et al (2008) showed that HVT administration in chickens resulted in a concomitant increase in IFN-gamma and IL-10 expression in feathers reaching peak levels at 7 days and returning to levels of control by 10 days post-vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IFN-γ, IL-21, and IL-10 Co-Expression in Evolving Autoimmune Vitiligo Lesions of Smyth Line Chickens

Shi

Erf

2012

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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The Smyth line (SL) of chicken is an excellent animal model for human autoimmune vitiligo. In SL vitiligo (SLV) post-natal loss of melanocytes in feathers appears to be due to cell-mediated immunity. In this study, leukocyte-infiltration and associated expression (RNA) of immune function-related cytokines in growing feathers were investigated throughout SLV-development and -progression. Both leukocyte infiltration and cytokine expression levels started to increase near visible SLV onset (early SLV), reached peak levels during active SLV, and decreased to near pre-vitiligo levels after complete loss of melanocytes. Specifically, significant increases were noticed in relative proportions of T cells, B cells, and MHC II-expressing cells during active SLV. Levels of T cell infiltration were higher than those of B cells, with more CD8+ than CD4+ cells throughout SLV. Elevated leukocyte infiltration in early and active SLV was accompanied by increased levels of cytokine expression, especially in interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-21. Low expression of IL-4 and IL-17 did not suggest important roles of Th2 and Th17 cells in SLV pathogenesis. Taken together, SLV appears to be a Th1 polarized autoimmune disease, whereby interferon-gamma expression is strongly associated with parallel increases in IL-10 and IL-21, particularly during early and active stages of SLV.

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“…In the previous studies, HVT was found to spread to contact cagemates when donor chickens were inoculated with HVT at 8 weeks of age, whereas the virus either did not spread or spread poorly when donor birds were inoculated with HVT at younger ages (Cho et al, 1971;Cho andKenzy, 1973, 1975 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This could be due to poor and/or transient shedding of infectious HVT by the inoculated chickens. Infectious HVT has been demonstrated in the feather-tip preparation of inoculated chickens for only a relatively short period around 2 to 4 weeks post-inoculation (Zygraich and Huygelen, 1972;Cho, 1975).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%