Hormonal Aspects of Ménière’s Disease on the Basis of Clinical and Experimental Studies

Takeda, Taizo; Takeda, Setsuko; Kakigi, Akinobu; Okada, Teruhiko; Nishioka, Rie; Taguchi, Daizo; Nishimura, Masahiko; Nakatani, Hiroaki

doi:10.1159/000265113

Cited by 37 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Vasopressin is believed to play an important role in inner ear pathophysiology in humans as well as animals [Takeda et al, 2009[Takeda et al, , 2010. The effects of vasopressin on inner ear fluid homeostasis is mediated by the vasopressin 2 receptor which, via effects on cAMP/Protein kinase A, lead to translocation of aquaporin 2 to the plasma membrane [Sawada et al, 2002, Takeda et al, 2003.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasopressin induces endolymphatic hydrops in mouse inner ear, as evaluated with repeated 9.4 T MRI

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasopressin induces endolymphatic hydrops in mouse inner ear, as evaluated with repeated 9.4 T MRI

et al. 2015

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“…In situ hybridization experiments demonstrated that V2R was expressed throughout the neonatal rat cochlea, whereas none was detected in the adult cochlea (119). On the other hand, chronic application of AVP reduced V2R mRNA expression in the adult rat cochlea (113). This phenomenon can, in many ways, be compared with the so-called "vasopressin escape" that, under certain conditions, allows free water excretion despite inappropriate secretion of vasopressin (124).…”

Section: Distribution and Function Of V2rsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The physiological and pathophysiological functions of renal and extrarenal vasopressin V2 receptors

Juul

Bichet

Nielsen

et al. 2014

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

125

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Juul KV, Bichet DG, Nielsen S, Nørgaard JP. The physiological and pathophysiological functions of renal and extrarenal vasopressin V2 receptors. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 306: F931-F940, 2014. First published March 5, 2014 doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00604.2013.-The arginine vasopressin (AVP) type 2 receptor (V2R) is unique among AVP receptor subtypes in signaling through cAMP. Its key function is in the kidneys, facilitating the urine concentrating mechanism through the AVP/V2 type receptor/aquaporin 2 system in the medullary and cortical collecting ducts. Recent clinical and research observations strongly support the existence of an extrarenal V2R. The clinical importance of the extrarenal V2R spans widely from stimulation of coagulation factor in the endothelium to as yet untested potential therapeutic targets. These include V2R-regulated membranous fluid turnover in the inner ear, V2R-regulated mitogensis and apoptosis in certain tumor tissues, and numerous other cell types where the physiological role of V2Rs still requires further research. Here, we review current evidence on the physiological and pathophysiological functions of renal and extrarenal V2Rs. These functions of V2R are important, not only in rare diseases with loss or gain of function of V2R but also in relation to the recent use of nonpeptide V2R antagonists to treat hyponatremia and possibly retard the growth of cysts and development of renal failure in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. The main functions of V2R in principal cells of the collecting duct are water, salt, and urea transport by modifying the trafficking of aquaporin 2, epithelial Na ϩ channels, and urea transporters and vasodilation and stimulation of coagulation factor properties, mainly seen with pharmacological doses of 1-desamino-8-D-AVP. The AVPR2 gene is located on the X chromosome, in a region with high probability of escape from inactivation; this may lead to phenotypic sex differences, with females expressing higher levels of transcript than males. vasopressin V 2 receptor; arginine vasopressin V2 receptor; arginine vasopressin; desmopressin; extrarenal vasopressin V 2 receptor THE PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT is to review current evidence on the physiological and pathophysiogical functions of renal and extrarenal arginine vasopressin (AVP) type 2 receptors, referred to as V2Rs (Fig. 1).AVP is an important neurohypophyseal nonapeptide that, via its three receptor types, is primarily responsible for regulating osmotic homeostasis of body fluids, volume homeostasis, and vasoconstriction in addition to an array of central functions such as memory and learning (17,29). In addition to these endocrine functions, AVP also contributes to regulating mitogenesis, cell survival, and death (apoptosis) (77).AVP is released from its storage site in the posterior pituitary (Fig. 2) by highly sensitive osmotic stimuli, specifically by a Ͻ1-2% increase in plasma osmolarity, as originally detailed in the 1940s through classic research by Prof. E. B. Verney (125). AVP release may also ...

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“…In addition all subjects were given a tinnitus questionnaire consisting of 40 multiple choice questions to define the impact of symptoms on the patient life. In the group of patients with diagnosis of Ménière's disease, the grade of severity for each patient (Table 1) was established on the basis of the vertigo attack frequency over a year (from 2 to 8 crisis), the intensity and the duration of symptoms (from a few days, to some weeks, to a month in the most severe case) [17,18]. In this study group, the hearing loss degree was assessed instrumentally allowing staging of the disease in MD patients, as reported in Table 2.…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress, Redox Homeostasis and Cellular Stress Response in Ménière’s Disease: Role of Vitagenes

et al. 2010

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Ménière's disease (MD) is characterized by the triad of fluctuating hearing loss, episodic vertigo and tinnitus, and by endolymphatic hydrops found on post-mortem examination. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress is involved in the development of endolymphatic hydrops and that cellular damage and apoptotic cell death might contribute to the sensorineural hearing loss found in later stages of MD. While excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) are toxic, regulated ROS, however, play an important role in cellular signaling. The ability of a cell to counteract stressful conditions, known as cellular stress response, requires the activation of pro-survival pathways and the production of molecules with anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic or pro-apoptotic activities. Among the cellular pathways conferring protection against oxidative stress, a key role is played by vitagenes, which include heat shock proteins (Hsps) as well as the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system. In this study we tested the hypothesis that in MD patients measurable increases in markers of cellular stress response and oxidative stress in peripheral blood are present. This study also explores the hypothesis that changes in the redox status of glutathione, the major endogenous antioxidant, associated with abnormal expression and activity of carbonic anhydrase can contribute to increase oxidative stress and to disruption of systemic redox homeostasis which can be associated to possible alterations on vulnerable neurons such as spiral ganglion neurons and consequent cellular degeneration. We therefore evaluated systemic oxidative stress and cellular stress response in patients suffering from Meniere's disease (MD) and in age-matched healthy subjects. Systemic oxidative stress was estimated by measuring protein oxidation, such as protein carbonyls (PC) and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) in lymphocytes of MD patients, as well as ultraweak luminescence (UCL) as end-stable products of lipid oxidation in MD plasma and lymphocytes, as compared to age-matched controls, whereas heat shock proteins Hsp70 and thioredoxin (Trx) expression were measured in lymphocytes to evaluate the systemic cellular stress response. Increased levels of PC (P < 0.01) and HNE (P < 0.05) have been found in lymphocytes from MD patients with respect to control group. This was paralleled by a significant induction of Hsp70, and a decreased expression of Trx (P < 0.01), whereas a significant decrease in both plasma and lymphocyte ratio reduced glutathione GSH) vs. oxidized glutathione (GSSG) (P < 0.05) were also observed. In conclusion, patients affected by MD are under condition of systemic oxidative stress and the induction of vitagenes Hsp70 is a maintained response in counteracting the intracellular pro-oxidant status generated by decreased content of GSH as well as expression of Trx. The search for novel and more potent inducers of vitagenes will facilitate the development of pharmacological strategies to increase the intrinsic capacity of vulnerable ganglion cells to maximize antid...

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Hormonal Aspects of Ménière’s Disease on the Basis of Clinical and Experimental Studies

Cited by 37 publications

References 68 publications

Vasopressin induces endolymphatic hydrops in mouse inner ear, as evaluated with repeated 9.4 T MRI

Vasopressin induces endolymphatic hydrops in mouse inner ear, as evaluated with repeated 9.4 T MRI

The physiological and pathophysiological functions of renal and extrarenal vasopressin V2 receptors

Oxidative Stress, Redox Homeostasis and Cellular Stress Response in Ménière’s Disease: Role of Vitagenes

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