Hormonal influences: effects of diabetes mellitus and endogenous female sex steroid hormones on the periodontium

Mealey, Brian L.; Moritz, Alan J.

doi:10.1046/j.0906-6713.2002.03206.x

Cited by 169 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 178 publications

(253 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

153

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…(14) Other possible additional factors are: (a) the effects of hormones on gingival vasculature; (b) subgingival microbiota; (c) specific cells of the periodontium; and (d) the local immune system during pregnancy. (20) (4) With the decrease in salivary pH observed in the pregnant women in our study, a significant increase in OHI-S was seen in the first trimester group, but this increase was not significant in the second and third trimester groups. The increased activity of cariogenic microflora, along with an increase in dental plaque accumulation, leads to greater acid production, thereby leading to a decrease in salivary pH in pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Prevalence of oral lesions and measurement of salivary pH in the different trimesters of pregnancy

Jain¹,

Kaur²

2015

smedj

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

INTRODUCTIONMany epidemiological studies on the prevalence of oral lesions and dental health status of pregnant women have been conducted worldwide.(1-6) However, data on the prevalence of oral lesions in the different trimesters of pregnancy is scarce. Investigations that have been done in the different trimesters are mainly restricted to dental health status and not many factors have been studied. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of oral lesions during the different trimesters of pregnancy and their correlation with salivary pH change, and comparing the results against those in nonpregnant women. We also attempted to assess the changes to oral hygiene, caries, gingival and periodontal health statuses, and salivary pH in the different trimesters of pregnancy. METHODSThe study group comprised a total of 120 pregnant women (40 in the first trimester, 40 in the second, and 40 in the third) between 18 and 35 years old who attended the outpatient clinic of the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of MM Medical Hospital, India. The control group comprised 40 nonpregnant women in a corresponding age group. The following are the exclusion criteria used in the present study: (a) contributory medical history of pathological conditions and history of drug therapy that may cause oral mucosal lesions and changes in salivary pH; and (b) smoking/ tobacco chewing habit. Data pertaining to education level and general awareness of oral hygiene were collected. The participants were from nearby villages, and most of them had dropped out of school with only a primary education. The following indices were used to assess participants' gingival and periodontal health statuses, and determine the number of teeth that were decayed, missing or filled: (a) gingival index (GI); (7) (b) simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S); (8) (c) community periodontal index (CPI); (9) and (d) decayed-missing-filled teeth index.(10) Participants were clinically examined for the following parameters: oral hygiene, gingival health, periodontal health, dental caries, and the presence of any gingival or oral mucosal lesions (or any other oral lesions). Saliva samples were collected for the measurement of salivary pH using a digital pH meter (LT-23; Labtronics, Panchkula, Haryana, India). Saliva samples were collected from each participant at least one hour after breakfast, which would yield unstimulated saliva. For the collection of these samples, all participants were requested to be as quiet as possible. They were instructed to allow the saliva to flow into the mouth as normally as possible and expectorate into the large test tubes provided. In all, 8-10 mL of sample was collected for each participant. The pH of each sample was determined within the first half an hour after collection.The data obtained was systematically tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Statistical correlations among all the parameters within the first, second and third trimester groups and the control group were determined using Pearson's coeffi...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Prevalence of oral lesions and measurement of salivary pH in the different trimesters of pregnancy

Jain¹,

Kaur²

2015

smedj

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Periodontal disease progression was seen in both the no-treatment groups (NTG and NTP groups) but was significantly greater among those with poorly controlled diabetes (NTP group). This indicates that diabetes is a risk factor for periodontal disease, as the level of glycemic control appears to be an important determinant of this relationship (43). There was a statistically significant decrease in a PPD ˂3 mm (%) and a statistically significant increase in a PPD ≥7 mm (%) in the NTP group at 3 and 6 months, which indicates a significant decrease in healthy sites and an increase in diseased sites (Table 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Periodontal and glycemic effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes stratified by baseline HbA<sub>1c </sub>

Kaur

Narula

Rajput

et al. 2015

Journal of Oral Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:We evaluated the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy in 100 patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis. The participants were classified as having good (n = 48) or poor (n = 52) glycemic control and were further randomly allocated to receive either scaling and root planning treatment group or no treatment (n = 50 each). The effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy was compared among diabetic patients with good glycemic control, those with poor glycemic control, and 25 nondiabetic individuals. Periodontal and metabolic status was recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. In patients receiving treatment, periodontal parameters significantly improved and HbA 1c decreased by 10.8%. Improvements in gingival index and bleeding on probing were greater in the nondiabetic participants and the treated patients with good glycemic control than in the treated patients with poor glycemic control (P < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that improvement in periodontal status was independently associated with glycemic improvement. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy improved glycemic control and periodontal health in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, patients with poor baseline glycemic control had less clinical improvement than did those without diabetes and those with good glycemic control. (J Oral Sci 57, 201-211, 2015)

show abstract

“…11,25 Changes in the sub-or supragingival biofilm [1][2][3] have been proposed as a potential mechanism; however, there are only limited data on the composition of the subgingival microbiota during pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and enumeration of periodontopathogenic bacteria in subgingival biofilm of pregnant women

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to use the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique to test the hypothesis of qualitative and quantitative differences of 8 periodontopathogens between pregnant and non-pregnant women. This cross-sectional study included 20 pregnant women in their second trimester of pregnancy and 20 non-pregnant women. Probing depth, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, and presence of calculus were recorded. Subgingival plaque samples were collected and the FISH technique identified the presence and numbers of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Campylobacter rectus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia and Prevotella nigrescens. The Mann-Whitney U-test was applied to compare the data between the two groups. The mean age, ethnicity, marital status, education, and economic level in both groups were similar. The clinical parameters showed no significant differences between pregnant and non-pregnant women. The numbers of subgingival periodontopathogens were not found to be significantly different between groups, despite the higher mean counts of P. intermedia in pregnant women. Colonization patterns of the different bacteria most commonly associated with periodontal disease were not different in the subgingival plaque of pregnant and non-pregnant women.

show abstract

Hormonal influences: effects of diabetes mellitus and endogenous female sex steroid hormones on the periodontium

Cited by 169 publications

References 178 publications

Prevalence of oral lesions and measurement of salivary pH in the different trimesters of pregnancy

Prevalence of oral lesions and measurement of salivary pH in the different trimesters of pregnancy

Periodontal and glycemic effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes stratified by baseline HbA<sub>1c </sub>

Detection and enumeration of periodontopathogenic bacteria in subgingival biofilm of pregnant women

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About