How long do top scientists maintain their stardom? An analysis by region, gender and discipline: evidence from Italy

Abramo, Giovanni; D’Angelo, Ciriaco Andrea; Soldatenkova, Anastasiia

doi:10.1007/s11192-016-2193-x

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, this evidence is related to ASN, and not to actual promotions. Therefore, this paper may shed some light about the lamented long-standing problem of promotion awarded irrespectively of degree of productivity, promoting also research inactive scholars (Abramo, D'Angelo, & Soldatenkova, 2017). This problem of nepotism and lack of actual meritocracy is also at the base of an apparent missing bias against women in Italian universities: often, the foremost victims of unfair promotions are scholars who are more productive, which in turn are more frequently males (Abramo, D'Angelo, & Rosati, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In some disciplines (such as physical and chemical sciences), women full professors tend to outperform men. However, women are less likely than men to maintain the status of top performers (Abramo et al, 2017). Overall, literature shows that gender plays a role in the promotion process: even if women tend to be less productive, the evidence provided by Bagues and colleagues (2017) shows that women might be discriminated independently of their productivity.…”

Section: Gender Dynamics In the Italian Asn Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The trench warfare of gender discrimination: evidence from academic promotions to full professor in Italy

Marini

Meschitti

2018

Scientometrics

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In this paper we aim to understand if gender makes a difference in the path to promotion to full professor in Italian universities, drawing on data from 2013 to 2016. The new promotion system pursuant Gelmini Law (210/2010) in Italy implies to go through two steps. First, they have to obtain the national ASN system (fit-for-the-role national filter), based on merit measured via bibliometric and non-bibliometric indicators. This step does not mean to get a position, it only means to be able to apply for it at institutional level. We believe that discrimination based on gender may happen especially at institutional level as in comparison to ASN there is less transparency and more autonomy at institutional level. It is also hypothesised that discrimination based on gender may differ according to the percentage of women already at full professor rank by disciplinary field. We investigate gender inequality using a binary variable (promoted or not promoted along 2013 until 2016) controlling by scientific productivity, normalised number of available vacancies, result of national research evaluation (VQRdepartment of candidate's affiliation), age, current rank-and-file position. Multilevel logistic regression demonstrates that among those who obtained the ASN and at parity of other conditions, men have around 24% more probability to be promoted at parity of scientific production, which reveals a relevant gender discrimination. Our findings have implications on theory about inequality regimes and might serve to reflect on how to improve practices at institutional level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Gender Dynamics In the Italian Asn Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The trench warfare of gender discrimination: evidence from academic promotions to full professor in Italy

Marini

Meschitti

2018

Scientometrics

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“…The last VQR assessment of the research output of the CNR from 2011 to 2014 showed that the institution under study here was 1 st amid Italy's public research bodies evaluated in earth sciences, 7 th in physics, 2 nd in medical sciences, 4 th in life sciences, and 3 rd in chemical sciences [ 39 ]. Several scientometric studies have investigated Italy's university system [ 38 , 40 , 41 ] and reorganization of the CNR, which clearly showed a shift from basic to applied research and consultancy to firms offered by new institutes that are more and more operating as quasi-business firms [ 11 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How self-determination of scholars outclasses shrinking public research lab budgets, supporting scientific production: a case study and R&D management implications

Pagliaro

Coccia

2021

Heliyon

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The main purpose of this study is to analyze how reorganization of public research organizations and shrinking public research lab budgets affect the evolution of research activity and scientific productivity. This study focuses on a case study of National Research Council of Italy (CNR), one of largest European public research organizations, to identify evolution of research activities and dynamics of scientific production from 2000 to 2019. The statistical analysis suggests that, in line with the origin of the CNR, scientific research focuses mainly on research fields of natural sciences, such as chemical, life and physical sciences, with an increasing role of scientific research in energy, engineering and mathematics. The study also shows a high intensity of collaboration of the CNR within international research networks. A key finding of this study is to show, for the first time, that although uncertain reforms and reductions of public funds, scientific productivity is growing. This novel result can be explained with self-determination of scholars as a vital determinant supporting scientific production that outclasses shrinking public research lab budgets and organizational deficiencies. The management and research policy implications of this study can be generalized to support an efficient organizational and managerial behavior, and higher scientific productivity of public research institutes in contexts of reduced public funding and market turbulence.

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“…However, with the instrument used, this could not be explored. And third, only a cross-sectional study could be performed; thus, no changes over time could be analyzed (for instance, the identification of the persistence of top performance over time as in Kelchtermans and Veugelers ( 2013 ), or the length of periods of the stardom of stars as in Abramo et al ( 2017b ) could not be explored).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High research productivity in vertically undifferentiated higher education systems: Who are the top performers?

Kwiek¹

2018

Scientometrics

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The growing scholarly interest in research top performers comes from the growing policy interest in research top performance itself. A question emerges: what makes someone a top performer? In this paper, the upper 10% of Polish academics in terms of research productivity are studied, and predictors of entering this class are sought. In the science system (and Poland follows global patterns), a small number of scholars produce most of the works and attract huge numbers of citations. Performance determines rewards, and small differences in talent translate into a disproportionate level of success, leading to inequalities in resources, research outcomes, and rewards. Top performers are studied here through a bivariate analysis of their working time distribution and their academic role orientation, as well as through a model approach. Odds ratio estimates with logistic regression of being highly productive Polish academics are presented. Consistently across major clusters of academic disciplines, the tiny minority of 10% of academics produces about half (44.7%) of all Polish publications (48.0% of publications in English and 57.2% of internationally co-authored publications). The mean research productivity of top performers across major clusters is on average 7.3 times higher than that of the other academics, and in terms of internationally co-authored publications, 12.07 times higher. High inequality was observed: the average research productivity distribution is highly skewed with a long tail on the right not only for all Polish academics but also for top performers. The class of top performers is as internally stratified as that of their lower-performing colleagues. Separate regression models for all academics, science, technology, engineering and mathematics academics, and social sciences and humanities academics are built based on a large national sample (2525 usable observations), and implications are discussed.

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How long do top scientists maintain their stardom? An analysis by region, gender and discipline: evidence from Italy

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

The trench warfare of gender discrimination: evidence from academic promotions to full professor in Italy

The trench warfare of gender discrimination: evidence from academic promotions to full professor in Italy

How self-determination of scholars outclasses shrinking public research lab budgets, supporting scientific production: a case study and R&D management implications

High research productivity in vertically undifferentiated higher education systems: Who are the top performers?

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