“…In order to use ICTs more effectively in the education process, few studies have been conducted which include professional development or in-service training activities carried out by teachers and academicians. Besides revealing the current situation in these studies, it is also possible to see the studies referring to semiexperimental and experimental (Al Salami, Makela, & de Miranda, 2017;Gröschner, Schindler, Holzberger, Alles, & Seidel, 2018;Jimenez & O'Shanahan, 2016;Shevchenko & Kryzhanovskyi, 2018) or design-based researches (Brown, 2017;Wang, Hsu, Reeves, & Coster, 2014) in order to overcome possible problems and obstacles.…”