How to Measure Performance in Cooperatives?

Abstract

The cooperatives produce around 10% of Italian GDP. They should face two aims: the respect of the cooperative principles and their pursuit in line with the economic effectiveness principle. Cooperatives operate on the principles of the International Cooperative Alliance: one member-one vote, free and voluntary membership, and limited remuneration of the underwritten capital. In order to represent the social and the economic impact of the cooperatives actions, the evaluations of the outcome produced should bear in mind both dimensions above-mentioned. Unfortunately, no single performance measure is appropriate for all the purposes. The aim of the paper is to hypothesize a comprehensive evaluation model that allows to estimate the cooperative excellence. The emerging model will be made up of two parts representing the social and the economic excellence in turn divided in “internal” and “external” variables depending on the stakeholder considered. In the second part of the paper, the model will be tested on eight Italian cooperatives.

Does Household Financial Management of Independent Oil Palm Smallholders Promote Rural Development?

“…While smallholders have not entirely achieved equalizing marginal products in Does Household Financial Management of Independent….. (Nurliza, Nugraha, Muthahhari, and Pamela) resource allocation, it has contributed to an enhancement in productivity (Marshall, Brown, Fritz, & Johnson, 2018). In operational management, cooperatives' actions could represent the economic effectiveness principle (Giacomini, Chiaf, & Mazzoleni, 2017), with certain behaviors (Nurliza, Ruliyansyah, & Hazriani, 2020) for optimizing farm inputs and yield while promoting sustainable development (Deng, Chen, Zhao, & Wang, 2021). The role of extension services through guidance, encouragement, education, and training (Musa, Ismail, Ismail, & Elpawati, 2019) improved economic performance (Verhofstadt & Maertens, 2014) for value-added and labor productivity (Rokhani, Asrofi, Adi, Khasan, & Rondhi, 2021).…”

Understanding the Effectiveness of Co-operative Board Members from Resource Dependence and Participation Perspective: A Proposal of Conceptual Framework

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