How Viruses Use the Endoplasmic Reticulum for Entry, Replication, and Assembly

Inoue, Takamitsu; Tsai, Billy

doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a013250

Cited by 105 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Conformational changes in the PyV capsid, the disassembly process, and transport of its genetic material from ER to the cytosol require the participation of several putative ER resident proteins. ER resident redox-active protein disulfide isomerase family members (PDI, ERp57, and ERp72) can isomerize or reduce the virus disulfide bonds and can play an important role in destabilizing the PyV VP1 disulfide bond network (Inoue and Tsai 2013). However, the precise combination of PDI members engaging a specific PyV family member may differ because of subtle differences in the viral disulfide bond arrangements.…”

Section: Er-mediated Viral Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intact viral particle then penetrates the ER membrane to reach the cytosol where it disassembles (Inoue and Tsai 2011). During penetration of the ER, the virus first undergoes host-triggered conformational changes and then crosses the ER membrane, and finally is released into the cytosol (Inoue and Tsai 2013). Conformational changes in the PyV capsid, the disassembly process, and transport of its genetic material from ER to the cytosol require the participation of several putative ER resident proteins.…”

Section: Er-mediated Viral Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PyVs are the only viruses known to penetrate the ER membrane during entry into the host (Tsai et al 2003;Inoue and Tsai 2013). Earlier electron microscopic studies revealed that the virus enters into host cells as small vesicles and are then targeted to the ER (Mattern et al 1966;Mackay and Consigli 1976;Kartenbeck et al 1989).…”

Section: Er-mediated Viral Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although not well-understood, the release of virions into the cytosol may depend on the ER membrane J-proteins (DNAJ B12, B14, and C18) that stimulate the binding between the virus and cytosolic Hsp70 (Inoue and Tsai 2013). The SV40 capsid proteins VP2 and VP3 have been shown to play an important role in the ER escape (putatively through viroporin) and are regulated by their interaction with VP1 major capsid protein (Daniels et al 2006a(Daniels et al , 2006b).…”

Section: Er-mediated Viral Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Complex membranous networks within the host cell, such as the plasma, endolysosomal, and ER membranes, because of their specialized ER-to-cytosol retro-translocation machinery, have an important role in the initiation and progression of viral infections (Inoue and Tsai 2013). PyVs are the only viruses known to penetrate the ER membrane during entry into the host (Tsai et al 2003;Inoue and Tsai 2013).…”

Section: Er-mediated Viral Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Entry, infection, replication, and egress of human polyomaviruses: an update

Bhattacharjee

Chattaraj

2017

Can. J. Microbiol.

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Polyomaviruses (PyVs), belonging to the family Polyomaviridae, are a group of small, nonenveloped, double-stranded, circular DNA viruses widely distributed in the vertebrates. PyVs cause no apparent disease in adult laboratory mice but cause a wide variety of tumors when artificially inoculated into neonates or semipermissive animals. A few human PyVs, such as BK, JC, and Merkel cell PyVs, have been unequivocally linked to pathogenesis under conditions of immunosuppression. Infection is thought to occur early in life and persists for the lifespan of the host. Over evolutionary time scales, it appears that PyVs have slowly co-evolved with specific host animal lineages. Host cell surface glycoproteins and glycolipids seem to play a decisive role in the entry stage of viral infection and in channeling the virions to specific intracellular membrane-bound compartments and ultimately to the nucleus, where the genomes are replicated and packaged for release. Therefore the transport of the infecting virion or viral genome to this site of multiplication is an essential process in productive viral infection as well as in latent infection and transformation. This review summarizes the major findings related to the characterization of the nature of the interactions between PyV and host protein and their impact in host cell invasion.

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Section: Er-mediated Viral Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Er-mediated Viral Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Er-mediated Viral Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Er-mediated Viral Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Er-mediated Viral Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Entry, infection, replication, and egress of human polyomaviruses: an update

Bhattacharjee

Chattaraj

2017

Can. J. Microbiol.

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Glycolytic metabolite phosphoenolpyruvate protects host from viral infection through promoting AATK expression

Zhao,

Song,

Liu

2023

Eur J Immunol

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Viral infections can result in metabolism rewiring of host cells, which in turn affects the viral lifecycle. Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), a metabolic intermediate in the glycolytic pathway, plays important roles in several biological processes including anti‐tumor T cell immunity. However, whether PEP might participate in modulating viral infection remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that PEP generally inhibits viral replication via upregulation of AATK expression. Targeted metabolomic analyses shown that intracellular level of PEP was increased upon viral infection. PEP treatment significantly restricted viral infection and hence declined subsequent inflammatory response both in vitro and in vivo. Besides, PEP took inhibitory effect on the stage of viral replication and also decreased the mortality of mice with viral infection. Mechanistically, PEP significantly promoted the expression of apoptosis‐associated tyrosine kinase (AATK). Knockdown of AATK led to enhanced viral replication and consequent increased levels of cytokines. Moreover, AATK deficiency disabled the antiviral effect of PEP. Together, our study reveals a previously unknown role of PEP in broadly inhibiting viral replication by promoting AATK expression, highlighting the potential application of activation or upregulation of PEP‐AATK axis in controlling viral infections.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Getting Across the Cell Membrane: An Overview for Small Molecules, Peptides, and Proteins

Yang

Hinner²

2014

Methods in Molecular Biology

662

493

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The ability to efficiently access cytosolic proteins is desired in both biological research and medicine. However, targeting intracellular proteins is often challenging, because to reach the cytosol, exogenous molecules must first traverse the cell membrane. This review provides a broad overview of how certain molecules are thought to cross this barrier, and what kinds of approaches are being made to enhance the intracellular delivery of those that are impermeable. We first discuss rules that govern the passive permeability of small molecules across the lipid membrane, and mechanisms of membrane transport that have evolved in nature for certain metabolites, peptides, and proteins. Then, we introduce design strategies that have emerged in the development of small molecules and peptides with improved permeability. Finally, intracellular delivery systems that have been engineered for protein payloads are surveyed. Viewpoints from varying disciplines have been brought together to provide a cohesive overview of how the membrane barrier is being overcome.

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How Viruses Use the Endoplasmic Reticulum for Entry, Replication, and Assembly

Cited by 105 publications

References 123 publications

Entry, infection, replication, and egress of human polyomaviruses: an update

Entry, infection, replication, and egress of human polyomaviruses: an update

Glycolytic metabolite phosphoenolpyruvate protects host from viral infection through promoting AATK expression

Getting Across the Cell Membrane: An Overview for Small Molecules, Peptides, and Proteins

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