Human Anatomy - Reviews and Medical Advances

Sisu, Alina Maria

doi:10.5772/66031

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Past evaluation of structural brain changes in small fetuses has focused on specific structures, such as the corpus callosum or cerebellum, or on brain volumes [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] . The midbrain is an integral structure that connects the pons and cerebellum with the thalamus and cerebral cortex through important white matter tracts, gray matter nuclei and cranial nerve fibers, playing a significant role in motor, vision and auditory function [26][27][28] . Indeed, infants born with low weight display a specific profile of neurocognitive difficulties involving motor, visual, language and auditory problems [45][46][47][48] , underlining the importance of exploring alterations of the midbrain in small fetuses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The understanding of brain development during fetal life has been enriched by sonographic studies evaluating midbrain structures [24][25][26] . The midbrain is the forward-most portion of the brainstem that includes relevant areas involved in the control of motor, vision and auditory functions [26][27][28] . Among midbrain measurements, the corpus callosum-fastigium length is considered a composite marker of diencephalon and mesencephalon development and has been studied as a potential biomarker for monitoring brain growth in fetuses at high risk for poor long-term neurodevelopmental outcome, such as small fetuses or those with congenital heart disease, and in neonates born preterm 24,29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corpus callosum–fastigium and tectal lengths in late‐onset small fetuses

Lip‐Sosa

Pérez‐Cruz

Ahumada‐Droguett

et al. 2023

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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This study demonstrates that, relative to appropriatefor-gestational-age controls, small fetuses exhibit smaller midbrain measurements, namely corpus callosumfastigium length and tectal length, with more pronounced differences in those with fetal growth restriction. What are the clinical implications of this work?If future studies in small fetuses confirm the association of prenatal corpus callosum-fastigium and tectal lengths with neurodevelopmental outcome, these midbrain measurements could feasibly represent biomarkers for suboptimal neurodevelopment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corpus callosum–fastigium and tectal lengths in late‐onset small fetuses

Lip‐Sosa

Pérez‐Cruz

Ahumada‐Droguett

et al. 2023

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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The evolving ethics of anatomy: Dissecting an unethical past in order to prepare for a future of ethical anatomical practice

Comer

2022

The Anatomical Record

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Anatomical practice has arguably one of the most ethically challenging histories in the medical sciences. Among the oldest scientific disciplines in medicine, dissection of the human body for scientific purposes occurred as early as the third century Before the Common Era. Throughout the history of anatomical practice, human dissection has occurred in ways that cross the line from progressing medical science to violating the sanctity of the human body. The dissection of the human body creates ethical dilemmas which stem from the need for anatomical science to gain medical knowledge in juxtaposition with prevailing religious and moral views surrounding anatomy as a threat to the sanctity of the human body. This article examines the unethical history of human dissection throughout the ages and explores the rationale behind the unethical practices. In addition, this article explores imperative modern day ethical standards in anatomy including, the ethical handling of human bodies, respecting human life, and ensuring informed consent for dissection of bodies that are donated. Finally, this article explores the question of which ethical prism we should use when dealing with anatomy collections or works of the past. Learning both the history of unethical practices in anatomy and the rationale behind them is imperative so that the discipline can prepare for an ethical, diverse, and inclusive future. This article provides a foundation for understanding the evolution of ethics in anatomical practice and is a valuable resource for students and anatomists alike.

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Anatomical study and proposed EMG technique for the cervical paraspinal muscles

Haig,

McGuire

2023

PM&R

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Paraspinal electromyography has proven to be the most sensitive component of the electrodiagnostic examination for lumbar spinal disorders. However, no standardized, anatomically validated technique has been proposed for the cervical region. This study reviewed the published textbooks on cervical paraspinal anatomy to develop a standardized EMG technique and scoring system. A library search found 32 anatomy texts published between 2000 and 2021. Of these 11 were unique and appropriate.Most texts described the basic muscle anatomy similarly, but only one cited original research. When the spinous process is defined as the origin, the multifidus and deeper rotatores appear innervated by the posterior primary rami of single cervical roots, however texts differ in the number of pennae, between 2 and 5, traveling to transverse process regions below. These are crowded into a small area between the spinous processes and transverse processes. Based on this understanding, a proposed Cervical Paraspinal Mapping technique involves skin insertions from 1–2 cm lateral to the C5, C7 and T2 spinous processes. The needle samples transversely and deep towards midline, contacts bone, then is withdrawn and redirected to sample medial and caudally to midline to bone, creating 2 scores of 0–4 at 3 levels, theoretically resulting in scores of 0 to 24. This technique must be validated by clinical research to determine the range of normal, reproducibility, and the spectrum of findings in various disorders.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Human Anatomy - Reviews and Medical Advances

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Corpus callosum–fastigium and tectal lengths in late‐onset small fetuses

Corpus callosum–fastigium and tectal lengths in late‐onset small fetuses

The evolving ethics of anatomy: Dissecting an unethical past in order to prepare for a future of ethical anatomical practice

Anatomical study and proposed EMG technique for the cervical paraspinal muscles

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