Human caspase 12 has acquired deleterious mutations

Fischer, H.; Koenig, Ulrich; Eckhart, Leopold; Tschachler, Erwin

doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(02)00289-9

Cited by 321 publications

(256 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…al. (36) reported a human caspase 12 sequence that is predicted to encode multiple splice variants and stop codons. Antibodies directed against a conserved region of the mouse protein identify a human cellular protein that is of similar relative molecular mass with appropriately sized cleavage fragments (23,34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial-Mediated Disregulation of Ca2+ Is a Critical Determinant of Velcade (PS-341/Bortezomib) Cytotoxicity in Myeloma Cell Lines

et al. 2005

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The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (also known as PS-341/ Velcade) is a dipeptidyl boronic acid that has recently been approved for use in patients with multiple myeloma. Bortezomib inhibits the activity of the 26S proteasome and induces cell death in a variety of tumor cells; however, the mechanism of cytotoxicity is not well understood. In this report, oligonucleotide microarray analysis of the 8226 multiple myeloma cell line showed a predominant induction of gene products associated with the endoplasmic reticulum secretory pathway following short-term, high-dose exposure to bortezomib. Examination of mediators of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell death showed specific activation of caspase 12, as well as of caspases 8, 9, 7, and 3, and cleavage of bid. Treatment of myeloma cells with bortezomib also showed disregulation of intracellular Ca 2+ as a mechanism of caspase activation. Cotreatment with a panel of Ca 2+ -modulating agents identified the mitochondrial uniporter as a critical regulatory factor in bortezomib cytotoxicity. The uniporter inhibitors ruthenium red and Ru360 prevented caspase activation and bid cleavage, and almost entirely inhibited bortezomib-induced cell death, but had no effect on any other chemotherapeutic drug examined. Additional Ca 2+ -modulating agents, including 2-amino-ethoxydiphenylborate, 1,2-bis (o-aminophenoxy) ethane-tretraacetic acid (acetoxymethyl) ester, and dantrolene, did not alter bortezomib cytotoxicity. Analysis of intracellular Ca 2+ showed that the ruthenium-containing compounds inhibited Ca 2+ store loading and abrogated the desensitized capacitative calcium influx associated with bortezomib treatment. These data support the hypothesis that intracellular Ca 2+ disregulation is a critical determinant of bortezomib cytotoxicity. (Cancer Res 2005; 65(9): 3828-36)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial-Mediated Disregulation of Ca2+ Is a Critical Determinant of Velcade (PS-341/Bortezomib) Cytotoxicity in Myeloma Cell Lines

et al. 2005

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“…8,9 Caspase-12 exists in both truncated and full-length alleles in humans and as a full-length caspase in rodents. 10 Caspase-14 is expressed in the epidermis and has a primary role in cornification and protection of underlying layers of skin. 11 Based on their function, mammalian caspase-2, -3, -7, -8, -9 and -10 are apoptotic caspases, where as caspase-1, -4, -5, -11 and -12 are involved in inflammation.…”

Section: Open Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Old, new and emerging functions of caspases

et al. 2014

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Caspases are proteases with a well-defined role in apoptosis. However, increasing evidence indicates multiple functions of caspases outside apoptosis. Caspase-1 and caspase-11 have roles in inflammation and mediating inflammatory cell death by pyroptosis. Similarly, caspase-8 has dual role in cell death, mediating both receptor-mediated apoptosis and in its absence, necroptosis. Caspase-8 also functions in maintenance and homeostasis of the adult T-cell population. Caspase-3 has important roles in tissue differentiation, regeneration and neural development in ways that are distinct and do not involve any apoptotic activity. Several other caspases have demonstrated anti-tumor roles. Notable among them are caspase-2, -8 and -14. However, increased caspase-2 and -8 expression in certain types of tumor has also been linked to promoting tumorigenesis. Increased levels of caspase-3 in tumor cells causes apoptosis and secretion of paracrine factors that promotes compensatory proliferation in surrounding normal tissues, tumor cell repopulation and presents a barrier for effective therapeutic strategies. Besides this caspase-2 has emerged as a unique caspase with potential roles in maintaining genomic stability, metabolism, autophagy and aging. The present review focuses on some of these less studied and emerging functions of mammalian caspases.

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“…171,172 However, it was recently shown that human caspase-4, which is 48% homologous to murine caspase-12, is localized to the ER membrane and is specifically activated by and required for ER stress-induced apoptosis. 173 These data suggest that caspase-4 is the human functional counterpart of murine caspase-12.…”

Section: Esr and Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum stress: a matter of life or death

2006

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The proper functioning of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is critical for numerous aspects of cell physiology. Accordingly, all eukaryotes react rapidly to ER dysfunction through a set of adaptive pathways known collectively as the ER stress response (ESR). Normally, this suite of responses succeeds in restoring ER homeostasis. However, in metazoans, persistent or intense ER stress can also trigger programmed cell death, or apoptosis. ER stress and the apoptotic program coupled to it have been implicated in many important pathologies but the regulation and execution of ER stressinduced apoptosis in mammals remain incompletely understood. Here, we review what is known about the ESR in both yeast and mammals, and highlight recent findings on the mechanism and pathophysiological importance of ER stressinduced apoptosis.

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Human caspase 12 has acquired deleterious mutations

Cited by 321 publications

References 18 publications

Mitochondrial-Mediated Disregulation of Ca2+ Is a Critical Determinant of Velcade (PS-341/Bortezomib) Cytotoxicity in Myeloma Cell Lines

Mitochondrial-Mediated Disregulation of Ca2+ Is a Critical Determinant of Velcade (PS-341/Bortezomib) Cytotoxicity in Myeloma Cell Lines

Old, new and emerging functions of caspases

Cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum stress: a matter of life or death

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