Human Contamination of the Marine Environment-Arthur Harbor and McMurdo Sound, Antarctica

Kennicutt, Mahlon C.; McDonald, Susanne J.; Sericano, José L.; Boothe, Paul N.; Oliver, John S.; Safe, Stephen; Presley, B.J.; Liu, Hong; Wolfe, Douglas A.; Wade, Terry L.; Crockett, A.B.; Bockus, Dan

doi:10.1021/es00005a600

Cited by 113 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These regional comparisons have revealed PHH contamination in fish from industrial regions of the Great Lakes Giesy et al, 1995;Tillitt et al, 1996) and in fish inhabiting areas near pulp and paper mill effluents (van den Heuvel et al, 1996;Whyte et al, 1998). In one of the few studies that report TCDD-EQs in aquatic invertebrates, McDonald et al (1994) and Kennicutt et al (1995) reported 10-fold greater TCDD-EQs in clams from the heavily PCB-contaminated Winter Quarters Bay, Antarctica, as compared to clams collected from a uncontaminated reference location (Table 11). Winter Quarters Bay, directly adjacent to the McMurdo Research Station, is known to have extensive areas of submerged abandoned equipment and waste .…”

Section: B H4iie Toxic Equivalents (Tcdd-eqs) In Field Studies and Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the H4IIE bioassay will respond to any AhR ligand if it is present in the matrix of interest. This makes the bioassay a useful tool for detection of PAHs in abiotic matrices (e.g., sediments; Jones et al, 1993a;Hoke et al, 1994;Hilscherova et al, 2000) or biotic matrices where metabolism is not expected to be significant (e.g., molluscs; McDonald et al, 1994;Kennicutt et al, 1995). However, interpretation of H4IIE bioassay results from abiotic matrices (soil, sediment, fly ash, etc.)…”

Section: E the H4iie Cell Linementioning

confidence: 99%

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The H4IIE Cell Bioassay as an Indicator of Dioxin-like Chemicals in Wildlife and the Environment

Whyte

Schmitt

Tillitt

2004

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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ABSTRACT:The H4IIE cell bioassay has proven utility as a screening tool for planar halogenated hydrocarbons (PHHs) and structurally similar chemicals accumulated in organisms from the wild. This bioassay has additional applications in hazard assessment of PHH exposed populations. In this review, the toxicological principles, current protocols, performance criteria, and field applications for the assay are described. The H4IIE cell bioassay has several advantages over the analytical measurement of PHHs in environmental samples, but conclusions from studies can be strengthened when both bioassay and analytical chemistry data are presented together. Often, the bioassay results concur with biological effects in organisms and support direct measures of PHHs. For biomonitoring purposes and prioritization of PHH-contaminated environments, the H4IIE bioassay may be faster and less expensive than analytical measurements. The H4IIE cell bioassay can be used in combination with other biomarkers such as in vivo measurements of CYP1A1 induction to help pinpoint the sources and identities of dioxin-like chemicals. The number of studies that measure H4IIE-derived TCDD-EQs continues to increase, resulting in subtle improvements over time. Further experiments are required to determine if TCDD-EQs derived from mammalian cells are adequate predictors of toxicity to non-mammalian species. The H4IIE cell bioassay has been used in over 300 published studies, and its combination of speed, simplicity, and ability to integrate the effects of complex contaminant mixtures makes it a valuable addition to hazard assessment and biomonitoring studies.

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Section: B H4iie Toxic Equivalents (Tcdd-eqs) In Field Studies and Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: E the H4iie Cell Linementioning

confidence: 99%

The H4IIE Cell Bioassay as an Indicator of Dioxin-like Chemicals in Wildlife and the Environment

Whyte

Schmitt

Tillitt

2004

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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“…Comparison made with these studies can be found in SI on page 8 and in Table SI-4. These studies suggested anthropogenic activity such as scientific activities and tourism in the Antarctic are another possible source of local pollution for POPs (2,3,5,6,24,58) in addition to long-range transport. Higher levels of contamination were always found in the vicinity of scientific stations, and the concentration levels decreased dramatically (an order of magnitude) within a relatively short distance (i.e.…”

Section: Concentrations Of Pcbs and Ocps In Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the studies were conducted at the tip of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) and Ross Sea area (2,6) . The physicochemical properties of POPs plus the seasonal change in the sea ice result in…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organochlorine Pollutants in Western Antarctic Peninsula Sediments and Benthic Deposit Feeders

Zhang

Dickhut

Demaster

et al. 2013

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Nestas áreas, é esperada uma concentração elevada de hidrocarbonetos em razão das inúmeras atividades desenvolvidas incluindo o uso de veículos de campo movidos a combustíveis fósseis, o intenso tráfego de pequenas embarcações e botes de apoio, o uso de geradores a diesel, ou como resultado de pequenas quantidades de combustíveis que acabam sendo introduzidas acidentalmente ao longo da costa, onde há concentração humana (Cripps 1992). Atividades antrópicas como estas são uma fonte potencial de poluição na Antártica (Kennicutt et al 1995, Aislabie et al 1999.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Hidrocarbonetos Em Solos E Sedimentos Do Entorno Da Estação Antártica Brasileira Comandante Feraz

et al. 2007

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RESUMOPor mais remoto e desabitado que o continente Antártico seja, ele não está livre do impacto da presença humana. Dentre os possíveis impactos, a presença de hidrocarbonetos derivados de petróleo têm sido objeto de preocupação. A ocorrência de embarcações operando na região e o transporte de óleo diesel para os geradores da Estação Antártica Comandante Ferraz (EACF) tem contribuído para a introdução de hidrocarbonetos de petróleo no ambiente. Este trabalho, como parte do projeto Criossolos, teve como objetivo avaliar a presença de hidrocarbonetos de petróleo no entorno da EACF. As amostras de solos foram coletadas numa grade rígida durante o verão de 2003. Os hidrocarbonetos alifáticos e policíclicos aromáticos foram extraídos por Soxhlet. Os hidrocarbonetos foram separados, identificados e quantificados por meio de CGMS. Os hidrocarbonetos alifáticos e policíclicos aromáticos encontrados no solo e sedimentos assemelharam-se àqueles do diesel e a sua área de dispersão, principalmente em sub-superfície, foi maior que aquela dos hidrocarbonetos voláteis. Os hidrocarbonetos alifáticos com maiores concentrações foram o pentadecano, octadecano e o pentacosano. Dentre os hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos os compostos acenafteno, fluoranteno e criseno obtiveram maiores concentrações e uma maior área de dispersão. Palavras-chaves: Hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos, hidrocarbonetos policíclicos alifáticos, contaminação com petróleo, ação antrópica. ABSTRACT HYDROCARBONS IN SOILS AND SEDIMENTS AT THE SAROUNDS OF BRAZILIAN ANTARTIC STATION OF COMANDANTE FERRAZ.Despite being remote and uninhabited, the Antartic Continent is not free from the impact of human presence. Among the possible impacts, the presence of oilderived hydrocarbons has been a matter of concern. The ships operating in the region and the transportation of diesel oil to the power plant of Comandante Ferraz Station (EACF) have contributed to the introduction of oil hydrocartbons into the environment. This work, as part of Criosols project, aimed to evaluate the presence of oil hydrocarbons at the surrounds of EACF. Soils samples were collected in a prestablished area during the summer of 2003. The aliphatic and aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons were extracted by Soxhlet. The hydrocarbons were isolated, identified and quantified by CGMS. The aliphatic and aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons found in the soil and sediments were similar to those found in the diesel fuel and their areas of dispersion, mainly in the sub-surface, were larger than those of the volatile aromatic hydrocarbons. The aliphatic hydrocarbons with the highest concentrations were pentadecane, octadecane and pentacosane. Among the aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons, acenaftene, fluorantene and chysene had the highest concentrations and a larger area of dispersion.

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Human Contamination of the Marine Environment-Arthur Harbor and McMurdo Sound, Antarctica

Cited by 113 publications

References 24 publications

The H4IIE Cell Bioassay as an Indicator of Dioxin-like Chemicals in Wildlife and the Environment

The H4IIE Cell Bioassay as an Indicator of Dioxin-like Chemicals in Wildlife and the Environment

Organochlorine Pollutants in Western Antarctic Peninsula Sediments and Benthic Deposit Feeders

Hidrocarbonetos Em Solos E Sedimentos Do Entorno Da Estação Antártica Brasileira Comandante Feraz

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