Human lactoferrin protects against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>‐induced caries in mice

Velusamy, SK; Markowitz, Kenneth; Dh, Fine; Velliyagounder, Kabilan

doi:10.1111/odi.12401

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…125 In an in vitro study, the killing of S. mutans by human LF is dose-dependent. 126 These studies suggest that LF protects against S. mutans colonization and can therefore be used in dental caries prevention. Another study, focusing on children ( n =42, age range from 36 to 71 months), reported that the concentration of LF was higher in caries-free individuals than in ECC individuals.…”

Section: Salivary Proteins As a Protective Factor For Eccmentioning

confidence: 92%

Salivary proteins and microbiota as biomarkers for early childhood caries risk assessment

et al. 2017

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Early childhood caries (ECC) is a term used to describe dental caries in children aged 6 years or younger. Oral streptococci, such as Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sorbrinus, are considered to be the main etiological agents of tooth decay in children. Other bacteria, such as Prevotella spp. and Lactobacillus spp., and fungus, that is, Candida albicans, are related to the development and progression of ECC. Biomolecules in saliva, mainly proteins, affect the survival of oral microorganisms by multiple innate defensive mechanisms, thus modulating the oral microflora. Therefore, the protein composition of saliva can be a sensitive indicator for dental health. Resistance or susceptibility to caries may be significantly correlated with alterations in salivary protein components. Some oral microorganisms and saliva proteins may serve as useful biomarkers in predicting the risk and prognosis of caries. Current research has generated abundant information that contributes to a better understanding of the roles of microorganisms and salivary proteins in ECC occurrence and prevention. This review summarizes the microorganisms that cause caries and tooth-protective salivary proteins with their potential as functional biomarkers for ECC risk assessment. The identification of biomarkers for children at high risk of ECC is not only critical for early diagnosis but also important for preventing and treating the disease.

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Section: Salivary Proteins As a Protective Factor For Eccmentioning

confidence: 92%

Salivary proteins and microbiota as biomarkers for early childhood caries risk assessment

et al. 2017

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“…The time allotted for the experiment was 42 days, as in previous studies [ 42 , 43 , 44 ], and the lesions developed within 5–7 weeks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phage Targeting Streptococcus mutans In Vitro and In Vivo as a Caries-Preventive Modality

et al. 2021

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Dental caries is a common infectious disease worldwide. Current conventional therapies lack specific antimicrobial effects against Streptococcus mutans, a key bacterium that induces caries. A promising alternative approach is bacteriophage (phage) therapy. Recently, SMHBZ8 phage targeting S. mutans was isolated and characterized. The aim of this study was to evaluate the caries-prevention efficacy of SMHBZ8 using in vitro and in vivo caries models. Hemi-mandibles dissected from euthanized healthy mice were subjected to caries-promoting conditions in vitro. Jaws treated with phage therapy in suspension and in formulation with a sustained-release delivery system showed no carious lesions, similar to control and chlorhexidine-treated jaws. Subsequently, SMHBZ8 phage suspension also prevented carious lesion development in a murine caries model in vivo. In both models, caries lesions were analyzed clinically and radiographically by µCT scans. This study shows how SMHBZ8 phage therapy targeting S. mutans can serve as an efficient caries-prevention modality, in suspension or with a sustained-release delivery system, by in vitro and in vivo mouse models.

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“…Lactoferrin is a highly cationic molecule that shows antimicrobial activity, in part, by binding and sequestering iron from pathogenic microorganisms 83 . Lactoferrin contributes to host defence in a non-redundant manner, as lactoferrin-deficient mice have increased susceptibility to Streptococcus mutans-induced dental caries, for example 84 .…”

Section: Wwwnaturecom/nrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitutive immune mechanisms: mediators of host defence and immune regulation

et al. 2020

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The immune system enables organisms to combat infections and to eliminate endogenous challenges. Immune responses can be evoked through diverse inducible pathways. However, various constitutive mechanisms are also required for immunocompetence. The inducible responses of pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system and antigen-specific receptors of the adaptive immune system are highly effective, but they also have the potential to cause extensive immunopathology and tissue damage, as seen in many infectious and autoinflammatory diseases. By contrast, constitutive innate immune mechanisms, including restriction factors, basal autophagy and proteasomal degradation, tend to limit immune responses, with loss-of-function mutations in these pathways leading to inflammation. Although they function through a broad and heterogeneous set of mechanisms, the constitutive immune responses all function as early barriers to infection and aim to minimize any disruption of homeostasis. Supported by recent human and mouse data, in this Review we compare and contrast the inducible and constitutive mechanisms of immunosurveillance.

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Human lactoferrin protects against Streptococcus mutans‐induced caries in mice

Abstract: These results show that endogenous LF protects against S. mutans-induced caries and that exogenous hLF can exert a protective effect against caries development.

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

Salivary proteins and microbiota as biomarkers for early childhood caries risk assessment

Salivary proteins and microbiota as biomarkers for early childhood caries risk assessment

Phage Targeting Streptococcus mutans In Vitro and In Vivo as a Caries-Preventive Modality

Constitutive immune mechanisms: mediators of host defence and immune regulation

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