Human macrophage inflammatory protein alpha (MIP-1 alpha) and MIP-1 beta chemokines attract distinct populations of lymphocytes.

Abstract

SummaryLymphocyte trafficking is an essential process in immune and inflammatory functions which can be thought to contain at least two main components: adhesion and migration. Whereas adhesion molecules such as the sdectins are known to mediate the homing of leukocytes from the blood to the endothelium, the chemoattractant substances responsible for the migration of specific subsets of lymphocytes to sites of infection or inflammation are largely unknown. Here we show that two molecules in the chemokine (for chemoattractant cytokine) superfamily, human macrophage inflammatory protein lc~ (MIP-la) and MIP-lfl, do not share identical attractant activities for lymphocyte subpopulations. When analyzed in vitro in microchemotaxis experiments, HuMIP-1B tends to attract CD4 + T lymphocytes, with some preference for T cells of the naive (CD45RA) phenotype. HuMIP-lot, when tested in parallel with HuMIP-lfl, is a more potent lymphocyte chemoattractant with a broader range of concentration-dependent chemoattractant specificities. HuMIP-lo~ at a concentration of 100 pg/ml attracts B ceUs and cytotoxic T cells, whereas at higher concentrations (10 ng/ml), the migration of these cells appears diminished, and the migration of CD4 + T cells is enhanced. Thus, in this assay system, HuMIP-lc~ and -18 have differential attractant activities for subsets of immune effector cells, with HuMIP-la having greater effects than HuMIP-I~, particularly on B cells.

Relation of circulating concentrations of chemokine receptor CCR5 ligands to C-peptide, proinsulin and HbA1c and disease progression in type 1 diabetes

“…CCL5 showed decreased concentrations in remitters in comparison to non-remitters which is in line with a recent publications that describes a key role in the process of leukocyte invasion in islets [4]. Interestingly, CCL3 which attracts leukocytes to the site of inflammation [25] was elevated in remitters. This observation was unexpected since remission is characterized by a rather less aggressive progression whereas elevated CCL3 has been shown to be associated with increased insulitis [23].…”

Role of C‐C chemokine receptors 1 and 5 and CCL3/macrophage inflammatory protein‐1α in the cutaneous Arthus reaction: possible attenuation of their inhibitory effects by compensatory chemokine production

“…CCL3, a C-C chemokine, can chemoattract neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes, and is a ligand for both CCR1 and CCR5 [44][45][46][47][48]. CCL3 caused a dose-dependent increase in neutrophil recruitment in a dinitrofluorobenzene-induced contact hypersensitivity model [49].…”

Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Antagonists Inhibit Replication of HIV-1 in Human Macrophages

“…MIP-1␣ is a chemotactic factor that attracts monocytes and T cells (29,30) and, along with MIP-1␤ and RANTES, is a natural ligand for the HIV-1 coreceptor CCR5 (31). Thus, in addition to its chemotactic properties, MIP-1␣ produced by infected cells could bind to CCR5 and reduce the level of HIV binding and entry.…”