Human Monkeypox and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Co-infection: A Case Series in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

Echekwube, PO; Mbaave, PT; Abidakun, O A; Utoo, BT; Swende, T Z

doi:10.46912/jbrcp.184

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…More intentional review of the lesions with attention to the characteristic morphology will provide more data on the nodulopustular presentation. The findings of fever, pruritus, headache, and lymphadenopathy are similar findings to those from the neighboring state [2,17]. Reports from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) also confirms these symptoms and signs [2].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…This patient presented with genital ulcers at a time it was uncommon and hardly reported in nonendemic regions of the world [7,9]. However, genital ulcers as a presentation has previously been reported in a Bayelsa report as well as by Ogoina et al [15,17] Furthermore, it is also noteworthy to state that a previous documentation by Nigeria Centre for Disease and Control and Prevention (NCDC) had previously stated that mpox can affect any parts of the body [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Atypical presentation of mpox in Irrua environs: a case report

Oiwoh,

Tobin,

Asogun

et al. 2023

J Med Case Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Mpox, previously known as monkeypox, -is an orthopoxvirus infection of the skin and previously a public health emergency of international concern. It reemerged in Nigeria over 5 years ago and has since spread to other parts of the world. This is a case report of a confirmed patient who was managed at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria before the global surge. This report shows peculiar differences from previous patients managed at the same center in terms of the relatively prolonged eruptive phase, possible seasonal occurrence of mpox in the community, and some traditional care for mpox and skin rashes. It also corroborates previous reports of possible sexual transmission of mpox in Nigeria before the report from the global outbreak. Case presentation The patient is a 30-year-old Nigerian male artisan with a 2-month history of raised rashes on the body that started on the genitals then involved other parts of the body. There was history of sore throat and unprotected sex with a female partner with similar rash whose other sexual history could not be ascertained. There was also history of “seasonal” rash in his village for about 7 years prior to his symptoms. Examination showed multiple vesicles and some nodules (ulcerating, healing, and healed) on the face, trunk, limbs, gluteal region, scrotum, palms, and sole, an almost circumferential penile ulcer, and lymphadenopathy. Polymerase chain reaction skin samples sent for mpox returned positive, while retroviral and coronavirus disease 2019 screenings were negative. He was managed in isolation while contact tracing in the affected community was initiated. Conclusion Atypical presentations of mpox, as managed in Irrua before the global surge, emphasize the varied spectrum of presentations (typical and atypical) in Nigeria. Therefore, there is a need for a higher index of suspicion for the uncommon presentations which will strengthen case recognition, case management, and community-based interventions as well as surveillance in the prevention and control of mpox in Irrua, its environs, Nigeria, and the world.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Atypical presentation of mpox in Irrua environs: a case report

Oiwoh,

Tobin,

Asogun

et al. 2023

J Med Case Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cases by gender, age, de nition (suspected, con rmed) and outcome Out of the 249 cases reviewed, 177 were males (71.1%) and 72 were females (28.9%) [56,[58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72]. Those affected were between the age of 1 year to 52 years, with the average age range between 4 and 40 years [56,[58][59][60][61]64,[66][67][68][69]73].…”

Section: Table 2: Risk Of Bias Assessment For the Mpox Systematic Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four of the reviewed articles had information about co-infections. In the case of Mpox coinfection with HIV infection, a longer duration of disease, bigger lesions, severe cases of genital ulcers, and an increased risk of subsequent bacterial skin infection were observed [56,58,70,77]. In another instance in which a pregnant lady had Mpox, the infection led to premature membrane (amniotic sac) rupture and the subsequent vaginal delivery of a macerated fetus [77].…”

Section: Effect Of Concurrent Infections/co-morbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Mpox Infection in Nigeria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cadmus,

Akinseye,

Bisong

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The seasonal outbreaks of Mpox continues in most parts of West and Central Africa. In the past year Nigeria had the highest number of reported cases. Here, we used the PRISMA guidelines to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of available evidence on Mpox in Nigeria. All relevant observational studies in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, AJOL, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar on Mpox in Nigeria within the last five years were assessed. In all 92 relevant articles were retrieved, out of which 23 were included in the final qualitative analysis. Over the past five years, thirty-two out of 36 states in Nigeria, including the Federal Capital Territory have reported at least a case of Mpox. Most of the cases of Mpox in Nigeria were from the southern part of the country. Our findings showed progressive spread from southern to the northern regions of the country. Further, we identified a positive association between infection and poverty, lack of basic healthcare facilities as well as multiple heterosexual partners. Our findings reiterate the need to strengthen and expand on the already existing efforts as well as establish robust multi-sectoral collaboration to understand the dynamics of Mpox Nigeria.

show abstract

“…Those with herpes and chancroid can mistake Monkeypox genital sores (D. Ogoina et al, 2020), and generalized eruption and palms and soles are mostly misdiagnosed as secondary syphilis or involvement rickettsia infections (Tabasi, 2018). It is important to consider that monkeypox coinfection with other pathogens is also likely, as reported for varicella, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or SARS-CoV-2 co-infections (Bhunu, Mushayabasa, & Hyman, 2012;Echekwube, Mbaave, Abidakun, Utoo, & Swende, 2020;Hoff et al, 2017;Uwishema et al, 2021).…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The reemergence of monkeypox as a new potential health challenge: A critical review

Afshar

Rostami

Hosseinzadeh

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human monkeypox is a zoonotic Orthopoxvirus resembling smallpox in clinical course, making it difficult to distinguish it from smallpox and varicella. Laboratory diagnostics are critical components of illness identification and surveillance, and novel tests are required for more precise and quick diagnosis. The majority of human infections occur in Central Africa, where monitoring in remote regions with little infrastructure is challenging but may be performed using evidence-based methods and teaching materials that educate public health personnel on the fundamental principles of this infection. New medications and vaccinations showed promising results for the treatment and prevention of the disease, but more studies are required to show their efficacy in the actual endemic settings. Thus, more studies are needed on the virus’s epidemiology, ecology, and biology in endemic locations to better understand and prevent human infections. This review discussed the etiology, epidemiology, and clinical course of the monkeypox and indicated diagnostic and treatment approaches for this disease.

show abstract

Human Monkeypox and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Co-infection: A Case Series in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Atypical presentation of mpox in Irrua environs: a case report

Atypical presentation of mpox in Irrua environs: a case report

Dynamics of Mpox Infection in Nigeria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The reemergence of monkeypox as a new potential health challenge: A critical review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About