Human Thermal Comfort Model and Manikin

McGuffin, Rom; Burke, Rick; Huizenga, Charlie; Zhang, Hui; Vlahinos, Andreas; Fu, George

doi:10.4271/2002-01-1955

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Methods include the comparatively simple cylindrical model from Wissler [26], the improved Wissler model of Atkins and Wyndham [27] and the Two-node model of Gagge et al [28] [29] [30]. Also, methods that have the human form include those reported by Stolwijk and Hardy [31], Stolwijk [32], Smith [33], Takemori et al [34], Fu [35], Yokoyama et al [36] [37] [38], Tanabe et al [39], Huizenga et al [40], McGuffin et al [41], Kohri and Mochida [42], Ozeki et al [43], Sakoi et al [44], Kuwabara et al [45], Park and Tuller [46], and Kurazumi et al [47]. However, for each model, the input values for the physiological response or the coefficient values for the body's thermal environment specifically for an infant are unclear, and the thermal environment of an infant cannot be evaluated.…”

Section: Thermal Model For the Human Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Manikin of Infant

Kurazumi¹,

Sakoi²,

Yamashita³

et al. 2019

ENG

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Compared to an adult, an infant requires more consideration regarding the thermal environment so it is necessary to evaluate the thermal environment as it affects infants. However, experiments on infant subjects regarding their thermal environment based on the different heat balance of their body cannot ethically be conducted. We could instead consider using a thermal model for the human body, but thermal manikins based on heat transfer per unit area are rare. Therefore, this study aims to develop a thermal manikin to model the heat transfer per unit area and the body form of an infant in order to evaluate the infant's thermal environment. When evaluating the thermal environment or heat balance of the body in the outside environment, it is essential to consider the asymmetry and unevenness of the temperature of the skin, as an element of the human body, and not just the unevenness and asymmetry of physical factors in the environment. Moreover, when receiving short wavelength direct solar radiation, light and shaded areas have significant differences in skin temperature. The following 20 body parts were investigated in the study: anterior head, posterior head, ventral trunk, dorsal trunk (including buttocks), right medial arm, right lateral arm, left medial arm, left lateral arm, right dorsal hand, right palmar hand, left dorsal hand, left palmar hand, right anterior leg, right posterior leg, left anterior leg, left posterior leg, right dorsal foot, right plantar foot, left dorsal foot, and left plantar foot. This paper measured the body surface area for each part of an infant's body in order to establish the form of an infant model from the view of the heat transfer area, and verified the validity of the model.

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Section: Thermal Model For the Human Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Manikin of Infant

Kurazumi¹,

Sakoi²,

Yamashita³

et al. 2019

ENG

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“…Accordingly, when evaluating the body heat balance of the human body and the thermal environment in an outdoor environment, it is essential to consider the non-uniformity and asymmetry not only of the physical elements of the environment, but also of the skin temperature, which is an element on the side of the human body. [83], Huizenga et al [84], McGuffin et al [85], Kohri and Mochida [86], Ozeki et al [87], Sakoi et al [88], Kuwabara et al [89], Park and Tuller [90] and Kurazumi et al [91]. These have been developed to allow for the evaluation of asymmetric thermal environments, and non-steady-state environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Temperature and Body Surface Section in Non-Uniform and Asymmetric Outdoor Thermal Environment

Kurazumi¹,

Fukagawa²,

Sakoi³

et al. 2018

Health

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In indoor environments and shady outdoor environments, there is little influence of short-wavelength solar radiation, so a strikingly non-uniform and asymmetric environment is not formed. In outdoor sunny environment, however, shaded areas occur even for the same site of the body, and a remarkable difference in skin temperature is considered to occur under the influence of the short-wavelength solar radiation. The purpose of this study is to clarify the influence of the non-uniform and asymmetric thermal radiation of short-wavelength solar radiation in outdoor environment on the division of the body surface section and the calculation of the mean skin temperature. The skin temperature of the front of the coronal surface, which was facing the sun and where the body received direct short-wavelength solar radiation, and the skin temperature of the rear of the coronal surface, which was in the shadow and did not receive direct short-wavelength solar radiation were respectively measured. The feet, upper arm, forearm, hand and lower leg, which are susceptible to short-wavelength solar radiation in a standing posture, had a noticeable difference in skin temperature between sites in the sun and in shade. The mean skin temperature of sites facing the sun was significantly higher than the mean skin temperature of those in the shade.

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“…With the advances in computer hardware and software technology, the Smith-Fu model [3,4] that uses a 3000-node finite element model was developed at KSU to simulate the clothed human body. This model has become the basis for National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) studies on automotive interior and built environment energy conservation studies [18]. The other models listed in Table 1 include the ones by Fiala et al [16], Huizenga et al [17], and Tanabe et al [19].…”

Section: Review Of Human Thermal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entropy Generation Analysis of Human Thermal Stress Responses

Boregowda

Choate

Handy

2012

ISRN Thermodynamics

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The present study involves application of an open system entropy generation formulation to analyze human thermal stress responses. The time-series human thermal stress response data are obtained by conducting a simulation using a validated finiteelement human thermal model (FEHTM). These simulated human thermal response data are used as an input to the entropy generation expression to obtain human entropy generation (HEG) values. The effects of variables such as air temperature, relative humidity, physical activity, and clothing on entropy generation are examined. A design of experiment (DOE) approach is utilized to study the interaction effects of air temperature and relative humidity on entropy generation. The study establishes the importance and utility of entropy generation as a holistic measure of human thermal physiological reaction to external and internal changes. This novel study has great potential for use in military medicine, rehabilitation, sports, and related applications.

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Human Thermal Comfort Model and Manikin

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

Thermal Manikin of Infant

Thermal Manikin of Infant

Skin Temperature and Body Surface Section in Non-Uniform and Asymmetric Outdoor Thermal Environment

Entropy Generation Analysis of Human Thermal Stress Responses

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