Humoral and cellular immunity in cosmonauts after the ISS missions

Рыкова, М. П.; Антропова, Е. Н.; Ларина, И. М.; Моруков, Б. В.

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2008.03.016

Cited by 72 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Prolonged flights induce a remarkable depression in immunological function, affecting both innate and adaptive immunity (Rykova et al 2008). For dry immersion protocols, on the whole, the relatively short duration of dry immersion (mostly 7 days) seems insufficient to cause significant alterations in the immune system.…”

Section: Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term dry immersion: review and prospects

et al. 2010

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Dry immersion, which is a ground-based model of prolonged conditions of microgravity, is widely used in Russia but is less well known elsewhere. Dry immersion involves immersing the subject in thermoneutral water covered with an elastic waterproof fabric. As a result, the immersed subject, who is freely suspended in the water mass, remains dry. For a relatively short duration, the model can faithfully reproduce most physiological effects of actual microgravity, including centralization of body fluids, support unloading, and hypokinesia. Unlike bed rest, dry immersion provides a unique opportunity to study the physiological effects of the lack of a supporting structure for the body (a phenomenon we call 'supportlessness'). In this review, we attempt to provide a detailed description of dry immersion. The main sections of the paper discuss the changes induced by long-term dry immersion in the neuromuscular and sensorimotor systems, fluid-electrolyte regulation, the cardiovascular system, metabolism, blood and immunity, respiration, and thermoregulation. The long-term effects of dry immersion are compared with those of bed rest and actual space flight. The actual and potential uses of dry immersion are discussed in the context of fundamental studies and applications for medical support during space flight and terrestrial health care.

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Section: Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term dry immersion: review and prospects

et al. 2010

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“…The human immune system becomes weaker in space, and microgravity is thought to induce changes by affecting the distribution of body fluids as well as through other as-yet-unidentified mechanisms (2)(3)(4)(5)(6). A classic theoretical study of microorganisms in a "space environment" concluded that microgravity conditions had no discernible effect on cells less than 10 m in diameter, including bacteria (7).…”

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confidence: 99%

Microgravity Alters the Physiological Characteristics of Escherichia coli O157:H7 ATCC 35150, ATCC 43889, and ATCC 43895 under Different Nutrient Conditions

Kim

Матин

Rhee

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The aim of this study is to provide understanding of microgravity effects on important food-borne bacteria, Escherichia coli O157:H7 ATCC 35150, ATCC 43889, and ATCC 43895, cultured in nutrient-rich or minimal medium. Physiological characteristics, such as growth (measured by optical density and plating), cell morphology, and pH, were monitored under low-shear modeled microgravity (LSMMG; space conditions) and normal gravity (NG; Earth conditions). In nutrient-rich medium, all strains except ATCC 35150 showed significantly higher optical density after 6 h of culture under LSMMG conditions than under NG conditions (P < 0.05). LSMMG-cultured cells were approximately 1.8 times larger than NG-cultured cells at 24 h; therefore, it was assumed that the increase in optical density was due to the size of individual cells rather than an increase in the cell population. The higher pH of the NG cultures relative to that of the LSMMG cultures suggests that nitrogen metabolism was slower in the latter. After 24 h of culturing in minimal media, LSMMG-cultured cells had an optical density 1.3 times higher than that of NG-cultured cells; thus, the higher optical density in the LSMMG cultures may be due to an increase in both cell size and number. Since bacteria actively grew under LSMMG conditions in minimal medium despite the lower pH, it is of some concern that LSMMG-cultured E. coli O157:H7 may be able to adapt well to acidic environments. These changes may be caused by changes in nutrient metabolism under LSMMG conditions, although this needs to be demonstrated in future studies.

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“…Both conditions are known to have an effect on bacterial genotypes and phenotypes. Indeed, various studies have shown increases in immunosuppression and microbial virulence as well as decreased antibiotic effectiveness (Horneck et al 2010;(Klaus and Howard 2006;Rykova et al 2008). Bacterial growth experiments in space have shown altered gene expression which may be related to the reduction of mass transfer processes (nutrient intake and waste output) in the intermediate environment of nonmotile cells.…”

Section: Space Age Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 97%

DNA technologies: what’s next applied to microbiology research?

Trevors

Masson

2010

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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This perspective discusses current DNA technologies used in basic and applied microbiology research and speculates on possible new future technologies. DNA remains one of the most fascinating molecules known to humans and will continue to revolutionize many areas ranging from medicine, food and forensics to robotics and new industrial bioproducts/biofuel from waste materials. What's next with DNA is not always obvious, but history shows the international microbiology research community will readily adopt it.

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Humoral and cellular immunity in cosmonauts after the ISS missions

Cited by 72 publications

References 13 publications

Long-term dry immersion: review and prospects

Long-term dry immersion: review and prospects

Microgravity Alters the Physiological Characteristics of Escherichia coli O157:H7 ATCC 35150, ATCC 43889, and ATCC 43895 under Different Nutrient Conditions

DNA technologies: what’s next applied to microbiology research?

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