HVOF sprayed coatings of nano-agglomerated tungsten-carbide/cobalt powders for water droplet erosion application

Mahdipoor, M.S.; Tarasi, Fariba; Moreau, Christian; Dolatabadi, Ali; Medraj, Mamoun

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2015.02.034

Cited by 65 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Coating technologies such as PVD (physical vapor deposition), APS (atmospheric plasma spray) or VPS (vacuum plasma spray) and HVOF (high-velocity oxygen fuel) have been well developed for high-quality coating systems. A high level of erosion resistance has been well veri ed in laboratory experiments [1][2][3][4] . The erosion resistance of metalceramic composites was evaluated for the previous paper 5) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Water Droplet Erosion Resistance of Aluminizing Diffusion Coatings on Steel Tubes

2018

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Problems with erosion caused by water droplet impingement occur in high-temperature and high-pressure pipelines and in steam turbines in energy conservation systems and power plants. Advances in material development and the use of highly resistant materials are needed in order to insure a high-performance level of plant maintenance. The use of ceramic coatings or intermetallic diffusion coatings on pipe steels is thought to be bene cial for the improvement of corrosion and erosion resistance. Aluminizing diffusion coatings on a few types of steel tubes with different coating thicknesses were prepared for this experiment. Erosion tests on water droplet impingement were conducted on the internal surface of tubes at a droplet velocity of 148 m s −1 using a water droplet testing apparatus. Erosion resistance was evaluated based on the incubation period and an average damage-depth rate for aluminizing diffusion coatings and steel substrates. Hardness distributions of the coating materials on cross-sectional surfaces revealed a harder layer on the surface, a functional gradient hard layer, and a soft steel substrate. EDX analyses on aluminizing diffusion coatings showed irregularly large grains of alumina, a microstructural intermetallic compound of Al-Fe-C with small grains of alumina, and an Al-Fe-C gradient diffusion layer toward the substrate. Good erosion resistance was obtained with a microstructural intermetallic compound layer with small grains of alumina. However, the erosion resistance of the diffusion layer with large grains of alumina was inferior. The erosion resistance depended on the combinations of the diffusion layer, alumina grains, and steel substrate, but not necessarily on the thickness of the diffusion layers. [

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Water Droplet Erosion Resistance of Aluminizing Diffusion Coatings on Steel Tubes

2018

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“…Erosion results are usually represented in terms of cumulative material loss versus the cumulative erosion exposure duration, as shown in Figure 11. The cumulative material loss (vertical axis) is either plotted using mass loss [98,123], or volume loss [124] so that different types of information can be captured. ASTM standard G73-10 [80] recommends the use of volume loss where the density of the material is used to convert the mass loss into volume loss.…”

Section: Data Representationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Droplet Erosion of Wind Turbine Blades: Mechanics, Testing, Modeling and Future Perspectives

Ibrahim

Medraj

2019

Materials

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The problem of erosion due to water droplet impact has been a major concern for several industries for a very long time and it keeps reinventing itself wherever a component rotates or moves at high speed in a hydrometer environment. Recently, and as larger wind turbine blades are used, erosion of the leading edge due to rain droplets impact has become a serious issue. Leading-edge erosion causes a significant loss in aerodynamics efficiency of turbine blades leading to a considerable reduction in annual energy production. This paper reviews the topic of water droplet impact erosion as it emerges in wind turbine blades. A brief background on water droplet erosion and its industrial applications is first presented. Leading-edge erosion of wind turbine is briefly described in terms of materials involved and erosion conditions encountered in the blade. Emphases are then placed on the status quo of understanding the mechanics of water droplet erosion, experimental testing, and erosion prediction models. The main conclusions of this review are as follow. So far, experimental testing efforts have led to establishing a useful but incomplete understanding of the water droplet erosion phenomenon, the effect of different erosion parameters, and a general ranking of materials based on their ability to resist erosion. Techniques for experimentally measuring an objective erosion resistance (or erosion strength) of materials have, however, not yet been developed. In terms of modelling, speculations about the physical processes underlying water droplet erosion and consequently treating the problem from first principles have never reached a state of maturity. Efforts have, therefore, focused on formulating erosion prediction equations depending on a statistical analysis of large erosion tests data and often with a combination of presumed erosion mechanisms such as fatigue. Such prediction models have not reached the stage of generalization. Experimental testing and erosion prediction efforts need to be improved such that a coherent water droplet erosion theory can be established. The need for standardized testing and data representation practices as well as correlations between test data and real in-service erosion also remains urgent.

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“…Nevertheless, this traditional representation of the erosion is lacking of important information about the experimental conditions, eg, the impacting water on the samples per cycle. Therefore, some authors reported the erosion results taking into account the impacting water, eg, Seleznev et al considered the mass of the impacting water on the sample surfaces and Mahdipoor et al the volume of impacting water per unit of area of the sample surface. Although these methods of reporting the erosion clearly improve the method proposed by the ASTM G73 standard test and they allow to compare the results obtained using drops of different sizes, they are still missing other relevant information about the experimental conditions, eg, running time, impingement velocity of drops, speed of sample, impact frequency, etc.…”

Section: Rain Erosion In Blade Leading Edgementioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective challenges in the experimentation of the rain erosion on the leading edge of wind turbine blades

Bartolomé

Teuwen

2018

Wind Energy

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Developments in the wind industry reveal intricate engineering challenges, one of them being the erosion on the leading edge of the wind turbine blades. In this review work, the main issues for the wind industry in the experimentation with respect to erosion are examined. After a historical and general overview of erosion, this review focuses on the rain erosion on the leading edge of the wind turbine blades giving prominence to (1) the rain simulations, (2) experimental erosion facilities, and (3) variables to characterise erosion. These three factors have to be improved to establish a research field enabling the prediction of erosion behaviour and providing useful information about how the rainfall affects the leading edge of the wind turbine blades. Moreover, these improvements in the experimentation of the erosion would be a first step to understand and predict the erosion damage of the wind turbine blades. Finally, this review work also will help to cope with experimental investigations and results in the rain erosion on the leading edge with a deeper critical thinking for future researchers.

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HVOF sprayed coatings of nano-agglomerated tungsten-carbide/cobalt powders for water droplet erosion application

Cited by 65 publications

References 20 publications

Water Droplet Erosion Resistance of Aluminizing Diffusion Coatings on Steel Tubes

Water Droplet Erosion Resistance of Aluminizing Diffusion Coatings on Steel Tubes

Water Droplet Erosion of Wind Turbine Blades: Mechanics, Testing, Modeling and Future Perspectives

Prospective challenges in the experimentation of the rain erosion on the leading edge of wind turbine blades

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