Hybrid ${\rm As}_{2}{\rm S}_{3}$ Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering and its Photodarkening Effect

Tan, Wee Chong; Chen, Qi; Kim, Jae Hyun; Madsen, C.K.

doi:10.1109/jqe.2011.2170210

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In addition to the high nonlinearity, chalcogenide glass exhibits photosensitivity, too [22]. We have studied the photodarkening effect of As 2 S 3 in a hybrid Mach-Zehnder interferometer [23]. A uniform exposure to intensive green light can increase As 2 S 3 refractive index by 1% [5], which can change the phase-matching condition of the As 2 S 3 waveguides.…”

Section: Fabrication Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-Matching and Parametric Conversion for the Mid-Infrared in As2S3 Waveguides

Chen¹,

Wang²,

Madsen³

2012

OPJ

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We illustrate two As2S3 waveguide designs for four-wave mixing, which can generate 3.03 μm mid-infrared light from a 1.55 μm near-infrared signal source and a 2.05 μm pump source. Through simulations, we verify that four-wave mixing phase-matching efficiencies up to 100% can be achieved using dispersion engineering to maintain the dispersion at 2.05 μm near to zero. The best conversion efficiency is <a name="OLE_LINK6"></a><a name="OLE_LINK2"></a>–10 dB. When the waveguide length is <st1:chmetcnv unitname="cm" sourcevalue="1" hasspace="True" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" w:st="on">1 cm</st1:chmetcnv>, the parametric conversion bandwidth is 1525 nm. We also evaluated the shift of 100% phase-matching efficiency wavelengths based upon fabrication tolerances.

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Section: Fabrication Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-Matching and Parametric Conversion for the Mid-Infrared in As2S3 Waveguides

Chen¹,

Wang²,

Madsen³

2012

OPJ

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“…Photosensitivity is used in direct lithography and in trimming of MZIs and ring resonators fabricated in chalcogenide glasses [25,26]. Chalcogenide glasses also serve as a photosensitive upper cladding of waveguides [27]. Recently, Canciamilla and co-workers modified the transfer functions of chalcogenide-on-SOI ring resonators, through relatively low-power illumination of the upper cladding with near-bandgap light [15].…”

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Large photo-induced index variations in chalcogenide-on-silicon waveguides

et al. 2014

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The postfabrication modification of the group delay in silicon-photonic waveguides is proposed, simulated and demonstrated experimentally. Group delay variations of 2% are achieved through photo-induced changes to an upper cladding layer of photosensitive As₁₀Se₉₀ chalcogenide glass. The illumination of the cladding layer by intense green light for a few seconds leads to mass transfer and removal of material, away from irradiated regions. The phenomenon is employed in the localized removal of the cladding layer from above the core region of a silicon-on-insulator waveguide, thereby modifying its phase and group delays. Using the proposed method, the free spectral range of a chalcogenide-on-silicon Mach-Zehnder interferometer was modified by 1%. The technique is applicable to the postfabrication adjustment of the frequency response of silicon-photonic filters, comprised of several cascaded elements.

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Electrical Signal-to-Noise Ratio Enhancement in Detection of Mid-IR Signals by Four-Wave Mixing in As2S3-on-LiNbO3 Waveguides

Chen¹,

Madsen²

2016

OPJ

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Mid-infrared (mid-IR) signals can be converted to near-infrared (near-IR) wavelengths in As2S3on-LiNbO3 waveguides by high efficiency four-wave mixing. It provided us a solution to detect mid-IR signals indirectly by state-of-the-art near-IR detectors. High efficiency four-wave mixing was demonstrated and electrical signal-to-noise ratio (eSNR) improvement was also investigated. Compared to direct detection by PbSe and HgCdTe (MCT) mid-IR detectors, the calculation indicated that, at room temperature, the indirect detection to mid-IR signals increased the electrical signal-to-noise ratio up to 67 dB.

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Hybrid ${\rm As}_{2}{\rm S}_{3}$ Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering and its Photodarkening Effect

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Phase-Matching and Parametric Conversion for the Mid-Infrared in As<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> Waveguides

Phase-Matching and Parametric Conversion for the Mid-Infrared in As<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> Waveguides

Large photo-induced index variations in chalcogenide-on-silicon waveguides

Electrical Signal-to-Noise Ratio Enhancement in Detection of Mid-IR Signals by Four-Wave Mixing in As2S3-on-LiNbO3 Waveguides

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Hybrid ${\rm As}_{2}{\rm S}_{3}$ Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering and its Photodarkening Effect

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Phase-Matching and Parametric Conversion for the Mid-Infrared in As&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Waveguides

Phase-Matching and Parametric Conversion for the Mid-Infrared in As&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Waveguides

Large photo-induced index variations in chalcogenide-on-silicon waveguides

Electrical Signal-to-Noise Ratio Enhancement in Detection of Mid-IR Signals by Four-Wave Mixing in As2S3-on-LiNbO3 Waveguides

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Phase-Matching and Parametric Conversion for the Mid-Infrared in As<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> Waveguides

Phase-Matching and Parametric Conversion for the Mid-Infrared in As<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> Waveguides