Hybrid transparent conductive electrodes with copper nanowires embedded in a zinc oxide matrix and protected by reduced graphene oxide platelets

Zhu, Zhaozhao; Mankowski, Trent; Balakrishnan, Kaushik; Shikoh, Ali Sehpar; Touati, Farid; Benammar, Mohieddine; Mansuripur, Masud; Falco, Charles M.

doi:10.1063/1.4942213

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…A subsequent sheet resistance measurement confirms that the right-half of the sample is indeed devoid of CuNWs. In our previous work, it was demonstrated that, when an aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) thin film is deposited on the CuNW film and then properly treated, adhesion to the substrate is significantly improved [24] . When meso-porous TiO2 is deposited directly on a bare CuNW film, using either spin-coating or doctor blade coating, the CuNWs are ripped off from the substrate, rendering the TCE non-conductive.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-high aspect ratio copper nanowires as transparent conductive electrodes for dye sensitized solar cells

et al. 2016

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We report the synthesis of ultra-high aspect ratio copper nanowires (CuNW) and fabrication of CuNW-based transparent conductive electrodes (TCE) with high optical transmittance (>80%) and excellent sheet resistance (Rs <30 Ω/sq). These CuNW TCEs are subsequently hybridized with aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) thin-film coatings, or platinum thinfilm coatings, or nickel thin-film coatings. Our hybrid transparent electrodes can replace indium tin oxide (ITO) films in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) as either anodes or cathodes. We highlight the challenges of integrating bare CuNWs into DSSCs, and demonstrate that hybridization renders the solar cell integrations feasible. The CuNW/AZO-based DSSCs have reasonably good open-circuit voltage (Voc = 720 mV) and short-circuit current-density (Jsc = 0.96 mA/cm 2 ), which are comparable to what is obtained with an ITO-based DSSC fabricated with a similar process. Our CuNW-Ni based DSSCs exhibit a good open-circuit voltage (Voc = 782 mV) and a decent short-circuit current (Jsc = 3.96 mA/cm 2 ), with roughly 1.5% optical-to-electrical conversion efficiency.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-high aspect ratio copper nanowires as transparent conductive electrodes for dye sensitized solar cells

et al. 2016

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“…Interestingly, the decreased transmittance by electroplating could be recovered by the formation of transparent oxide shell. Through a facile sol‐gel technique, Falco and co‐workers deposited AZO thin film onto the CuNW networks. After annealing in a forming environment (95% N 2 + 5% H 2 ), the as‐prepared hybrid TCE was resistant to scotch‐tape peel, and had excellent chemical and/or mechanical stability.…”

Section: Oxidation Mechanism and Antioxidation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Copper Nanowires: Synthesis, Purification, Assemblies, Surface Modification, and Applications

Zhao

Han

et al. 2018

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Copper nanowires (CuNWs) are attracting a myriad of attention due to their preponderant electric conductivity, optoelectronic and mechanical properties, high electrocatalytic efficiency, and large abundance. Recently, great endeavors are undertaken to develop controllable and facile approaches to synthesize CuNWs with high dispersibility, oxidation resistance, and zero defects for future large-scale nano-enabled materials. Herein, this work provides a comprehensive review of current remarkable advancements in CuNWs. The Review starts with a thorough overview of recently developed synthetic strategies and growth mechanisms to achieve single-crystalline CuNWs and fivefold twinned CuNWs by the reduction of Cu(I) and Cu(II) ions, respectively. Following is a discussion of CuNW purification and multidimensional assemblies comprising films, aerogels, and arrays. Next, several effective approaches to protect CuNWs from oxidation are highlighted. The emerging applications of CuNWs in diverse fields are then focused on, with particular emphasis on optoelectronics, energy storage/conversion, catalysis, wearable electronics, and thermal management, followed by a brief comment on the current challenges and future research directions. The central theme of the Review is to provide an intimate correlation among the synthesis, structure, properties, and applications of CuNWs.

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Failing Forward: Stability of Transparent Electrodes Based on Metal Nanowire Networks

et al. 2020

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Metal nanowire (MNW)‐based transparent electrode technologies have significantly matured over the last decade to become a prominent low‐cost alternative to indium tin oxide (ITO). Beyond reaching the same level of performance as ITO, MNW networks offer additional advantages including flexibility and low materials cost. To facilitate adoption of MNW networks as a replacement to ITO, they must overcome their inherent stability issues while maintaining their properties and cost‐effectiveness. Herein, the fundamental failure mechanisms of MNW networks are discussed in detail. Recent strategies to computationally model MNWs from the nano‐ to macroscale and suggest future work to capture dynamic failure to unravel mechanisms that account for convolution of the failure modes are highlighted. Strategies to characterize MNW network failure in situ and postmortem are also discussed. In addition, recent work about improving the stability of MNW networks via encapsulation is discussed. Lastly, a perspective is given on how to frame the requirements of MNW‐encapsulant hybrids with reference to their target applications, namely: solar cells, transparent film heaters, sensors, and displays. A cost analysis to comment on the feasibility of implementing MNW hybrids is provided, and critical areas to focus on for future work on MNW networks are suggested.

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Hybrid transparent conductive electrodes with copper nanowires embedded in a zinc oxide matrix and protected by reduced graphene oxide platelets

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Ultra-high aspect ratio copper nanowires as transparent conductive electrodes for dye sensitized solar cells

Ultra-high aspect ratio copper nanowires as transparent conductive electrodes for dye sensitized solar cells

Advancements in Copper Nanowires: Synthesis, Purification, Assemblies, Surface Modification, and Applications

Failing Forward: Stability of Transparent Electrodes Based on Metal Nanowire Networks

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