Hydrothermal synthesis of bacterial cellulose–copper oxide nanocomposites and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity

Abstract

In this work, for the first time bacterial cellulose (BC) hydrogel membranes were used for the fabrication of antimicrobial cellulosic nanocomposites by hydrothermal deposition of Cu derivative nanoparticles (i.e.Cu(0) and CuxOy species). BC-Cu nanocomposites were characterized by FTIR, SEM, AFM, XRD and TGA, to study the effect of hydrothermal processing time on the final physicochemical properties of final products. XRD result show that depending on heating time (3-48h), different CuxOy phases were achieved. SEM and AFM analyses unveil the presence of the Cu(0) and copper CuxOy nanoparticles over BC fibrils while the surface of 3D network became more compact and smother for longer heating times. Furthermore, the increase of heating time placed deleterious effect on the structure of BC network leading to decrease of BC crystallinity as well as of the on-set degradation temperature. Notwithstanding, BC-Cu nanocomposites showed excellent antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus and Salmonella bacteria suggesting potential applications as bactericidal films.

Optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation using recycled paper sludge and development of novel composites

“…As seen in Fig. 2, the BNC spectrum shows characteristic peaks of cellulose, such as the OH stretching peak around 3344 cm −1 , CH stretching of alkanes and asymmetrical stretching of CH 2 at 2919 cm −1 , OH bending of adsorbed water at 1650 cm −1 , CH 2 bending deformation at 1426 cm −1 and 1366 cm −1 , OH deformation at 1334 cm −1 , COC deformation modes and stretching vibrations at 1159-1107 cm −1 , COC and C-OH stretching vibration of the sugar ring at 1054-1029 cm −1 and C-OH out-of-plane bending mode at 665 cm −1 (Araújo et al 2018;Kawee et al 2018;Yu et al 2018;Wahid et al 2019).…”

Overview of Inexpensive Production Routes of Bacterial Cellulose and Its Applications in Biomedical Engineering

“…55 Remodification of the BC/acrylic acid hydrogel to include epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblast cells of human origin has also been reported to accelerate burn wound healing on mice, compared to the use of the hydrogel alone, which is related to its ability to induce a greater deposition of collagen around the treated area. 76 In a similar advancement into the use of BC as potential wound dressing material, 77 it was reported that BC membrane enrichment with lidocaine enhances the healing process in thirddegree burn wounds on rats. A bacterial cellulosecopper (BC-Cu) nanocomposite, fabricated using different hydrothermal synthesis and tested in vitro for antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus and Salmonella, recommended its potential usage as a wound dressing material.…”

Bacterial Exopolysaccharides as Reducing and/or Stabilizing Agents during Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles with Biomedical Applications

“…International Journal of Polymer Science between EPS and metal ions to form metal nanoparticles is shown in Figure 2. In this context, it is important to mention that in most cases in which EPSs are utilized to synthesized metal nanoparticles, the EPSs act both as a reducing and stabilizing agents at the same time due to their properties and structures with many functional groups; which consequently make EPSs suitable and advantageous to produce metal nanoparticles destined to be applied in the biomedical sciences [53][54][55][56][57]. However, there are also studies in which metal nanoparticles are produced with other reducing agents or other reducing methods, where the EPSs act only as a stabilizing or capping agent [58][59][60] guluronate; carboxymethyl cellulose is a polymer of Dglucose with carboxymethyl groups bonded to the hydroxyl groups; pectin is mainly composed by galacturonic acid, linked to other components as acetic acid, D-apiose, glucorinic acid, etc.…”

“…These particles were produced by means of bacterial cellulose nanofibers and were proposed to be used as photocatalyst, luminescence, and photoelectron transfer devices [99]. Evenly, antibacterial nanocomposites formed of bacterial cellulose-cooper oxide nanoparticles were obtained by hydrothermal deposition [53].…”