Camellia oleifera seed extract attenuated abdominal and hepatic fat accumulation in rats fed a high-fat diet

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the hot-water extract of defatted Camellia oleifera seeds (CSE) on body and liver fat accumulation in rats. Forty rats were divided into five groups and each group was fed either an isocaloric control diet (C) or a high-fat liquid diet with 0% (H), 0.12% (H1), 0.24% (H2), or 0.48% CSE (H3) for 8 weeks. Ingestion of the high-fat liquid diet increased abdominal and liver fat accumulation, although no difference was found in body weights compared to rats fed the control diet. We found that rats fed the H2 and H3 diets had lower plasma alanine aminotransferase activities than the H group in the 4th and 8th weeks. At the end of the study, the H2 and H3 groups also had lower epididymal and retroperitoneal fat masses, and all CSE groups had lower circulatory leptin levels than the H group. CSE consumption decreased hepatic fat accumulation in terms of liver triglycerides and a histopathology analysis, and ameliorated high-fat diet-induced elevation of hepatic tumor necrosis factor-α levels. We also found that CSE groups had lower malondialdehyde and hydroxyproline levels in the liver. Our results suggested that CSE may exert beneficial effects through decreasing body fat accumulation and hepatic steatosis and regulating adipokine levels in diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Crude extract of Camellia oleifera pomace ameliorates the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via decreasing fat accumulation, insulin resistance and inflammation

“…The extracted solution was then filtered, and the filtrate was lyophilised and ground into powder as our CSE sample with a recovery rate of 30 %. The CSE samples contain 81•3 (SD 0•6) mg/g total polyphenols as gallic acid equivalent, 206•3 (SD 8•7) mg/g total saponins as diosgenin equivalent and 6•3 ± 0•4 % total polysaccharides as we previously reported (12) .…”

“…In the present study, we supplemented 4•5 and 9 g/l in diet of rats with high-fat diet-induced NAFLD according to the results of our preliminary 8-week study (12) and we found that 4•5 g/l can ameliorate hepatic steatosis and inflammation. This dosage was equal to 300 mg/kg per d for rats and 2•9 g/d for a 60 kg human according to the dose conversion calculation of FDA based on body surface area.…”

“…Seed pomace of C. oleifera was defatted with n-hexane and ground into powder. CSE sample was prepared as previously reported (12) . Briefly, 10 g of the powder was extracted with 100 ml of hot water (90−100°C) three times for 1 h each.…”

“…In vitro studies reported that the constituents of the seed cake exhibited antioxidative and hypoglycaemic effects (10,11) . Recently, we found that tea seed extract may attenuate hepatic fat accumulation in rats fed a high-fat diet (12) . However, the possible mechanisms still remain unclarified.…”

Camellia Oleifera Seed Extract Mildly Ameliorates Carbon Tetrachloride‐Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats by Suppressing Inflammation

“…Rats were fed lab diet 5001 for a 1‐week adaption and randomly separated into four groups ( n = 7). The normal (N) and CCl 4 control (C) groups were fed a control diet based on AIN‐93M, and the experimental groups were fed with AIN‐93M diets containing 500 or 1000 mg CSE per kg bodyweight (CCL and CCH) according to the effective dosage reported previously (Yang, Yeh, Ko, & Chen, ) for the 8‐week experimental period. In addition, the C, CCL, and CCH groups were subjected hepatic injury by receiving 30% CCl 4 /olive oil (1 mL/kg bodyweight, i.p .)…”