<i>Coprinus comatus</i>polysaccharides ameliorated carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis through modulating inflammation and apoptosis

Zhao, Huajie; Li, Duan; Li, Min; Liu, Liang; Deng, Baoguo; Jia, Lei; Yang, Fan

doi:10.1039/d2fo01349e

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Myd88 , Irf7 , Ddx58 , Nod1 , Nod2 , Nlrp3 , and Casp1 were identified as core genes in the LPX group ( Figure 5 B). Myd88 is a key junctional molecule that mediates the activation of downstream NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways [ 39 ]. IRF7 belongs to the interferon regulatory factor family capable of activating the downstream JAK-STAT signaling pathway, promoting the expression of type I interferon genes, and activating the immune response [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study on the Mechanism of Macrophage Activation Induced by Polysaccharides from Fresh and Dried Longan

Wang,

Chen,

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Longan (Dimcarpus longan Lour.) is a kind of traditional fruit used as a medicine and a food. Fresh longan is primarily consumed as a fruit, whereas dried longan is commonly employed for medicinal purposes. The differences in the immunomodulatory activities and mechanisms of polysaccharides between dried and fresh longan remain unclear. The present study comparatively analyzed the mechanisms of macrophage activation induced by polysaccharides from dried (LPG) and fresh longan (LPX). The results revealed that LPG and LPX differentially promoted macrophage phagocytosis and the secretion of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6. RNA-seq analysis revealed that LPG and LPX differentially affected gene expression in macrophages. The LPG treatment identified Tnf and chemokine-related genes as core genes, while myd88 and interferon-related genes were the core genes affected by LPX. A comprehensive analysis of the differentially expressed genes showed that LPG initiated macrophage activation primarily through the TLR2/4-mediated TRAM/TRAF6 and CLR-mediated Src/Raf1 NF-κB signaling pathways. LPX initiated macrophage activation predominantly via the CLR-mediated Bcl10/MALT1 and NLR-mediated Rip2/TAK1 MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Interestingly, the non-classical NF-κB signaling pathway was activated by polysaccharides in both dried and fresh longan to elicit a slow, mild immune response. LPG tends to promote immune cell migration to engage in the immune response, while LPX facilitates antigen presentation to promote T cell activation. These findings contribute insights into the mechanisms underlying the differences in bioactivity between dried and fresh longan and their potential applications in immune-enhancing strategies and functional-food development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study on the Mechanism of Macrophage Activation Induced by Polysaccharides from Fresh and Dried Longan

Wang,

Chen,

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…Cordyceps polysaccharides protect hepatocytes from hydrogen peroxide-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by reducing ROS production and regulating mitochondrial apoptotic signaling via cytochrome C, apoptosis regulator Bax, and mitochondrial-related apoptotic proteins in HepG2 cells[ 90 ]. In addition, studies have shown that Cordyceps polysaccharides can reduce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cell apoptosis by regulating TLR4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/NF-κB, Bcl-2/Bax, and caspase family signaling pathways, thereby reducing OS, serum enzymes, α-SMA, Col-III, TGF-β1, p-Smad3, and collagen volume fraction, inhibiting OS, enhancing the body’s antioxidant defense system, and improving hepatic fibrosis[ 91 ]. Recapitulating, Cordyceps polysaccharides have demonstrated hepatoprotective effects against liver injury caused by OS.…”

Section: Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress on traditional Chinese medicine in improving hepatic fibrosis through inhibiting oxidative stress

Li,

Zhu,

Ouyang

2023

World J Hepatol

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Patients with liver cirrhosis are advised to limit their sodium consumption to control excessive fluid accumulation. Salt is the most common form in which sodium is consumed daily. Consequently, various recommendations urge patients to limit salt intake. However, there is a lack of consistency regarding salt restriction across the guidelines. Moreover, there is conflicting evidence regarding the efficacy of salt restriction in the treatment of ascites. Numerous studies have shown that there is no difference in ascites control between patients with restriction of salt intake and those without restriction. Moreover, patients with cirrhosis may have several negative effects from consuming too little salt, although there are no recommendations on the lower limit of salt intake. Sodium is necessary to maintain the extracellular fluid volume; hence, excessive salt restriction can result in volume contraction, which could negatively impact kidney function in a cirrhotic patient. Salt restriction in cirrhotic patients can also compromise nutrient intake, which can have a negative impact on the overall outcome. There is insufficient evidence to recommend restricted salt intake for all patients with cirrhosis, including those with severe hyponatremia. The existing guidelines on salt restriction do not consider the salt sensitivity of patients; their nutritional state, volume status and sodium storage sites; and the risk of hypochloremia. This opinion article aims to critically analyze the existing literature with regard to salt recommendations for patients with liver cirrhosis and identify potential knowledge gaps that call for further research.

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Research Progress on the Antifibrotic Activity of Traditional Chinese Medicine Polysaccharides

Zhao,

Li,

Cai

et al. 2024

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Fibrosis is a pathological process characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and proliferation fibrous tissue, a condition associated with various chronic diseases, such as liver cirrhosis, inflammation of the lungs, and myocarditis. Clinical treatment options for fibrotic diseases are currently limited and have poor efficacy. However, recent studies have increasingly demonstrated that polysaccharides exhibit significant antifibrotic activity by modulating cell proliferation and migration, inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress associated fibrosis, and regulating gut microbiota. This review provides an overview of recent advances in polysaccharide research for antifibrosis and offers new perspectives on the treatment of fibrotic diseases.

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Coprinus comatuspolysaccharides ameliorated carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis through modulating inflammation and apoptosis

Abstract: Liver fibrosis is a serious global public health problem, due to lack of effective treatment. Coprinus comatus polysaccharides (CP), isolated from C. comatus, possess multiple biological activities. In our work,...

Cited by 7 publications

References 58 publications

Comparative Study on the Mechanism of Macrophage Activation Induced by Polysaccharides from Fresh and Dried Longan

Comparative Study on the Mechanism of Macrophage Activation Induced by Polysaccharides from Fresh and Dried Longan

Progress on traditional Chinese medicine in improving hepatic fibrosis through inhibiting oxidative stress

Research Progress on the Antifibrotic Activity of Traditional Chinese Medicine Polysaccharides

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