Dicranopteris linearis extract inhibits the proliferation of human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) via induction of S-phase arrest and apoptosis

Abstract

Context:Dicranopteris linearis (Burm.f.) Underw. (Gleicheniaceae) has been scientifically proven to exert various pharmacological activities. Nevertheless, its anti-proliferative potential has not been extensively investigated.Objective: To investigate the anti-proliferative potential of D. linearis leaves and determine possible mechanistic pathways.Materials and methods: MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxic effects of D. linearis methanol (MEDL) and petroleum ether (PEEDL) extracts at concentrations of 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.125 µg/mL against a panel of cancer cell lines (breast [MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231], cervical [HeLa], colon [HT-29], hepatocellular [HepG2] and lung [A549]), as compared to negative (untreated) and positive [5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated] control groups. Mouse fibroblast cells (3T3) were used as normal cells. The mode of cell death was examined using morphological analysis via acridine orange (AO) and propidium iodide (PI) double staining. Cell cycle arrest was determined using flow cytometer, followed by annexin V-PI apoptosis detection kit.Results: MEDL demonstrated the most significant growth inhibition against MDA-MB-231 cells (IC50 22.4 µg/mL). PEEDL showed no cytotoxic effect. Induction of apoptosis by MEDL was evidenced via morphological analysis and acridine orange propidium iodide staining. MEDL could induce S phase cell cycle arrest after 72 h of incubation. Early apoptosis induction in MDA-MB-231 cells was confirmed by annexin V-FITC and PI staining. Significant increase in apoptotic cells were detected after 24 h of treatment with 15.07% cells underwent apoptosis, and the amount escalated to 18.24% with prolonged 48 h incubation.Conclusions: MEDL has potential as a potent cytotoxic agent against MDA-MB-231 adenocarcinoma.

Apoptotic Activity of New Oxisterigmatocystin Derivatives from the Marine-Derived Fungus Aspergillus nomius NC06

“…The uniform bright green fluorescence in the nucleus is possessed by living cells that still have intact cell membranes. The treated HT 29 cells showed a non-uniform fluorescence color, a mixture of green with yellow fluorescence, which indicated apoptosis, and reddish-orange fluorescence for cells undergoing necrosis [26].…”

“…Apoptotic cells have an orange to red nucleus with condensed or fragmented chromatin. Necrotic cells display a uniform red nucleus with a condensed structure [26][27][28].…”

“…Viable, apoptotic, and necrotic cells were quantified in a population of 200 cells. The results were expressed as a proportion of the total number of the cells examined [26].…”

In-silico and in-vitro assessments of some fabaceae, rhamnaceae, apocynaceae, and anacardiaceae species against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and triple-negative breast cancer cells

“…Annexin V binds to phosphatidylserine (PS), which translocated from the inner cell membrane to the outer cell membrane during early apoptosis. Propidium iodide enters dead cells via their compromised cell membranes and stains the nucleus of dead cells [ 31 ]. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the mode of cell death (Figs.…”

One-pot synthesis, characterisation and biological activities of gold nanoparticles prepared using aqueous seed extract of Garcinia kola

“…The A549 and PC3 cells were seeded at 1 × 10 4 cells/100 µl/well, while HT-29 and HeLa cells were seeded at 1.5 × 10 4 cells/100 µl/well in a 96-well plate. The cells were treated with 6.25-100 μg/mL AEGKs-AuNPs and 100 μg/mL 5´-FU (positive control), respectively for 24 h [49]. The vehicle control (VC) used was 0.1% DMSO final well concentration.…”