Kanker kolon merupakan penyakit yang ditandai oleh perkembangan sel yang tidak terkendali di lapisan epitel pada usus besar. Salah satu tumbuhan yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antikanker yaitu tumbuhan tampa badak (Voacanga foetida (Bl.) K.Schum). Tumbuhan tampa badak adalah keluarga apocynaceae yang memiliki aktivitas antikanker terhadap sel kanker darah (L1210 dan K256), sel kanker paru (A549) dan sel kanker serviks (HeLa). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek sitotoksik ekstrak etil asetat daun tampa badak terhadap sel kanker kolon HTB-38. Metode yang digunakan pada pengujian ini adalah metode MTT Assay pada waktu 24, 48 dan 72 jam. Parameter yang digunakan adalah IC50. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa nilai IC50 ekstrak etil asetat daun tampa badak terhadap sel kanker kolon HTB-38 pada waktu 24, 48 dan 72 jam masing-masing sebesar 0,0287, 0,0776 dan 0.0415 μg/mL. Hasil penelitian ini menunujukkan bahwa ekstrak etil asetat daun tampa badak mempunyai efek sitotoksik kuat terhadap sel kanker kolon HTB-38. Hasil uji ANOVA menyatakan bahwa terdapat perbedaan persen viabilitas antara konsentrasi 0,1 μg/mL, konsentrasi 0,5 μg/mL dan konsentrasi 1 μg/mL (p<0,05) tetapi lama waktu inkubasi tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap nilai persen viabilitas (p>0,05).

BACKGROUND:Neonatal sepsis is a health problem because it causes serious morbidity and mortality in neonate intensive care units. The susceptibility of neonates occurs due to the immaturity of immune system development as well as due to maternal and environmental risk factors that can cause infection. Identification of genetic variation in genes involved in the inflammatory process can help clarify the pathophysiology of sepsis in high-risk patients, useful for the development of new diagnostic tools, and specific management plans for more accurate predictions of patient’s prognosis.AIM:This study aims to determine the association between gene polymorphism of BPI rs4358188, CD14 rs2569190, IL1β rs1143643 or MMP16 rs2664349 and the incidence of neonatal sepsis.METHODS:Cross-sectional observational studies with genomic DNA samples from infants with sepsis and non-sepsis which were stored according to the standard storage of genetic materials in the Biomedical Laboratory of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Andalas Padang City, Indonesia. This study is part of a previous study by Rukmono P. Continued with PCR examination, sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.RESULTS:Only IL1β rs1143643 G > A gene polymorphism was associated with the incidence of neonatal sepsis and was statistically significant (p = 0.017). No significant association was found between gene polymorphisms of BPI rs4358188 G > T, CD14 rs2569190 A>G or MMP16 rs2664349 G > A and neonatal sepsis (p > 0.05).CONCLUSION:Gene polymorphism of IL1β rs1143643 G > A is associated with the incidence of neonatal sepsis.

Sponge-derived fungi have recently attracted attention as an important source of interesting bioactive compounds. Aspergillus nomius NC06 was isolated from the marine sponge Neopetrosia chaliniformis. This fungus was cultured on rice medium and yielded four compounds including three new oxisterigmatocystins, namely, J, K, and L (1, 2, and 3), and one known compound, aspergillicin A (4). Structures of the compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and by high-resolution mass spectrometry. The isolated compounds were tested for cytotoxic activity against HT 29 colon cancer cells, where compounds 1, 2, and 4 exhibited IC50 values of 6.28, 15.14, and 1.63 µM, respectively. Under the fluorescence microscope by using a double staining method, HT 29 cells were observed to be viable, apoptotic, and necrotic after treatment with the cytotoxic compounds 1, 2, and 4. The result shows that compounds 1 and 2 were able to induce apoptosis and cell death in HT 29 cells.

AbstrakRokok merupakan penyebab kematian sepuluh besar di dunia dimana jumlah kematian mencapai 500 juta orang per tahun. Dalam setiap enam detik terdapat satu kematian akibat rokok.Rokok mengandung lebih dari 4000 senyawa kimia, dimana 60 diantaranya bersifat karsinogenik. Lebih dari 85% penderita kanker paru adalah perokok. Terdapat juga beberapa kanker lain yang ada hubungannya dengan rokok. Salah satu penyakit yang dapat timbul akibat asap rokok adalah leukemia. Disamping itu rokok dapat meningkatkan resiko penyakit kardiovaskuler.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan dan sikap mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas tentang Rokok. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian deskriptif dan pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 273 orang. Dari hasil penelitian, menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan responden terhadap rokok berada dalam kategori baik sebesar 0,4%, kategori sedang sebesar 64,5%, dan kategori kurang sebesar 35,1%. Hasil uji sikap responden terhadap rokok berada dalam kategori baik sebesar 90,1%, kategori sedang sebesar 9,5% dan kategori kurang sebesar 0,4%. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas berada pada kategori sedang dan sikap mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas berada pada kategori baik. Disarankan kepada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas agar mencari tahu tentang nikotin dan akibatnya secara mandiri sesuai dengan sistem pembelajaran PBL, serta segera diberlakukannya peraturan bebas asap rokok di lingkungan FK Unand.Kata kunci: pengetahuan, sikap, mahasiswa, rokok.AbstractCigarettes are the top ten causes of death in the world where each year the total of mortality rate reached 500 million people. In every six seconds there will be found a death caused by smoking. Cigarette contains more than 4000 chemical compounds, in which 60of the mare carcinogenic. More than 85% of lung cancer patients are smokers. There are also some other cancers that has relationships withcigarettes. One of the diseases that mayariseas a result of cigarette smokers leukemia. Besides that, smoking may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitude of students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Andalas about Cigarettes.This is a descriptive research method and the sample with drawal is done by using Simple Random Sampling technique witha sample size of 273 people. The results of the study show that respondent’s knowledge towards Cigarette is the good category 0,4%, the average category 64,5%, and the less category 35,1%. The experiment’s result on respondent’s attitude to wards Cigarette is the good category 90,1%, the average category 9,5% and the less category 0,4%. From these resultsit can be concluded that the knowledge of students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Andalas in average category and attitude of students of the Facultyof Medicine, University of Andalas are ingood category.It is recommended to students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Andalas in order tofind out about nicotine and consequently independently in accordance with the PBL learning systems, as well as the enactment ofsmoke-fre elegislation in the Faculty of Medicine, University ofAndalas.Keywords: knowledge, attitude, students, cigarettes

Objective: Myrmecodia pendens is often used as a traditional medicine to treat various diseases. A previous study showed that ethanol extract of sarang semut plant (hypnophytum furmicarum jack) 4.65 mg was effective in fastening establishment of socket granulation tissue after tooth extraction; likewise, the myrmecodia pendens at 3% also fastens the healing process of soft-tissue wound after tooth extraction. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of ethanol extract of 10% myrmecodia pendens on the expression of TGF-β1 and determine the number of osteoblasts that remain after tooth extraction. Material and Methods:This study used 24 male marmots divided into 2 groups. All of the groups were extracted in the 1st left-incisor mandibula and 0.1 ml of 0.5% CMC was applied into the socket control group. The treatment group was given 0.1 ml ethanol extract of myrmecodia pendens 10% dissolved with CMC 0.5%. On day 3, 7, 14 and 21, marmots were decapitated and histopathologic preparations were observed to study the expression of TGF-β1 and the number of osteoblast cells. Data were analyzed using Kruskall-Wallis test with a probability p < 0.05. Results: Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, there was a significant difference in the TGF-β1 expression and the number of osteoblast cells after the administration of ethanol extract of myrmecodia pendens between the control group and treatment group treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion:The ethanol extract of myrmecodia pendans can fasten the healing of the wound resulting from tooth extraction; it accelerates the healing process by increasing the expression of TGF-β1 and the number of osteoblast cells.Keywords: Myrmecodia pendens, Osteoblasts, TGF-β1, Tooth extraction Cite this Article: Ismardianita E, Nasrul E, Yanwirasti, Hemiawati M. 2017. Effect of ethanol extract of myrmecodia pendens on TGF-β1 expression and osteoblast cells after tooth extraction (experimental research on cavia cobaya). Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science 2(3): 150-154.