<i>In‐vivo</i>and<i>In‐vitro</i>Methods for Resistant Starch Measurement

Champ, Martine; Kozlowski, F.; Lecannu, Gérard

doi:10.1002/9780470999615.ch9

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…On the other hand, methods determining dietary fibre, including resistant starch, measure the fraction, which includes mainly retrograded amylose, resistant to the enzymes used in the assay. Finally, resistant oligosaccharides and inulin are not included in any of the current methods for total dietary fibre, and therefore need to be measured separately and subsequently added to the total fibre estimate (Cho et al, 1997;Champ et al, 2001 and2003).…”

Section: Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for carbohydrates and dietary fibre

Products¹

2010

EFS2

432

162

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This Opinion of the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition, and Allergies (NDA) deals with the establishment of Dietary Reference Values for carbohydrates and dietary fibre. Nutritionally, two broad categories of carbohydrates can be differentiated: "glycaemic carbohydrates", i.e. carbohydrates digested and absorbed in the human small intestine, and "dietary fibre", non-digestible carbohydrates passing to the large intestine. In this Opinion, dietary fibre is defined as non-digestible carbohydrates plus lignin. The absolute dietary requirement for glycaemic carbohydrates is not precisely known but will depend on the amount of fat and protein ingested. The Panel proposes 45 to 60 E% as the reference Intake range for carbohydrates applicable to both adults and children older than one year of age. Although high frequency of intake of sugar-containing foods can increase the risk of dental caries, there are insufficient data to set an upper limit for (added) sugar intake. Based on the available evidence on bowel function, the Panel considers dietary fibre intakes of 25 g/day to be adequate for normal laxation in adults. A fibre intake of 2 g/MJ is considered adequate for normal laxation in children from the age of one year. Although there is some experimental evidence that a reduction of the dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load may have favourable effects on some metabolic risk factors such as serum lipids, the evidence for a role in weight maintenance and prevention of diet-related diseases is inconclusive. KEY WORDSCarbohydrates, dietary fibre, sugars, added sugars, glycaemic carbohydrates, oligosaccharides, starch, lignin, glycaemic index, glycaemic load, dietary requirements, blood lipids, lipid profile, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, body weight, type 2 diabetes, blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, dental caries, gastrointestinal function, colorectal cancer, mineral absorption SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on Population Reference Intakes for the European population, including carbohydrates and dietary fibre.Nutritionally, two broad categories of carbohydrates can be differentiated: "glycaemic carbohydrates", i.e. carbohydrates digested and absorbed in the human small intestine, and "dietary fibre", non-digestible carbohydrates passing to the large intestine.The main glycaemic carbohydrates are monosaccharides, disaccharides, malto-oligosaccharides, and starch. In this Opinion the term "sugars" is used to cover monosaccharides and disaccharides. The term "added sugars" refers to sucrose, fructose, glucose, starch hydrolysates (glucose syrup, highfructose syrup) and other isolated sugar preparations used as such or added during food preparation and manufacturing. Sugar alcohols (polyols) such as sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, and lactitol, are usually not included in the term "sugars". However, they are partly metabolised and i...

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Section: Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for carbohydrates and dietary fibre

Products¹

2010

EFS2

432

162

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“…of samples in-line with those obtained with ileostomy patients (Champ et al 2001). An outline of the procedure is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resistant Starchmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Clearly, since no method has been generally adopted, there was a need to re-evaluate the available methods to determine which performed the best. Each of the most commonly used procedures Champ et al 1999Champ et al , 2001Goni et al 1996) has been evaluated in our laboratories. In the current study each step in the procedure was evaluated in detail, including: initial conditions of incubation with pancreatic α-amylase (pH, time, stirring and shaking, level of added amyloglucosidase); method for terminating the reaction and recovering the resistant starch-containing pellet; procedures for redissolving the resistant starch; conditions for complete hydrolysis of the resistant starch and measurement of the released glucose.…”

Section: Resistant Starchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary fibre analysis

McCleary¹

2003

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Abbreviations: AOAC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists;HPAEC, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography;NDO, non-digestible oligosaccharides. The 'gold standard' method for the measurement of total dietary fibre is that of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (2000; method 985.29). This procedure has been modified to allow measurement of soluble and insoluble dietary fibre, and buffers employed have been improved. However, the recognition of the fact that non-digestible oligosaccharides and resistant starch also behave physiologically as dietary fibre has necessitated a re-examination of the definition of dietary fibre, and in turn, a re-evaluation of the dietary fibre methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. With this realisation, the American Association of Cereal Chemists appointed a scientific review committee and charged it with the task of reviewing and, if necessary, updating the definition of dietary fibre. It organised various workshops and accepted comments from interested parties worldwide through an interactive website. More recently, the (US) Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Health, National Academy of Sciences, under the oversight of the Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes, assembled a panel to develop a proposed definition(s) of dietary fibre. Various elements of these definitions were in agreement, but not all. What was clear from both reviews is that there is an immediate need to re-evaluate the methods that are used for dietary fibre measurement and to make appropriate changes where required, and to find new methods to fill gaps. In this presentation, the 'state of the art' in measurement of total dietary fibre and dietary fibre components will be described and discussed, together with suggestions for future research. Total dietary fibre: Resistant starch: Non-digestible oligosaccharides:Non-starch polysaccharides AOAC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists;HPAEC, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography;NDO, non-digestible oligosaccharides.

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“…On the other hand, methods determining DF, including resistant starch, measure mainly retrograded amylose, resistant to the enzymes used in the assay. Finally, resistant oligosaccharides and inulin are not included in any of the current methods for total DF, and therefore need to be measured separately and subsequently added to the total fiber estimate (Cho et al, 1997;Champ et al, 2001Champ et al, , 2003 Fig. 2.…”

Section: Methods For Analysis Of Dietary Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%