<i>Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis</i> Adherence to Human Bronchial and Oropharyngeal Cells: The Role of Adherence in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Rikitomi, Naoto; Ahmed, Kamruddin; Nagatake, Tsuyoshi

doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1997.tb01882.x

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…*P<0.001 mostly investigated by using the cervical cancer derived HeLa subline HEp-2 cell, the HeLa subline Changconjunctival cell and the human lung carcinoma A-549 cell culture model [4, 5, 7-10, 12, 20, 28-30]. In contrast bronchial epithelial cells were rarely used for this purpose [31]. The difficulties associated with the study of the adhesion ability of M. catarrhalis to epithelial cells as a strictly human specific pathogen in vivo have led to the development of in vitro adhesion assays.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesion of Moraxella catarrhalis to human bronchial epithelium characterized by a novel fluorescence-based assay

Slevogt

Tiwari

Schmeck

et al. 2005

Med Microbiol Immunol

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Moraxella catarrhalis is a major cause of infectious exacerbations of chronic obstructive lung disease. Adhesion of this pathogen to epithelial cells is critical for its pathogenicity. Although much work has been done on identifying surface molecules of M. catarrhalis as adhesins, several adhesion assays were used in these studies which has never been validated or compared to each other. In the present study, we have examined the capacity of M. catarrhalis to adhere to different human epithelial cells. By using the two most commonly used adhesion assays based on the enumeration of colony-forming units or on the counting of adherent bacteria per epithelial cell by light microscopy, we identified significant limitations of both methods. These arose either from differences in strain-specific adhesion pattern on the epithelial cell surface or the dependence on the state of confluence of the epithelial cell layer. We developed a new fluorescence-based adhesion assay and compared our results to the two conventional methods. We demonstrated that the fluorescence-based adhesion assay offers a reliable and convenient method for the quantification of M. catarrhalis adhesion to confluent epithelial cell monolayers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesion of Moraxella catarrhalis to human bronchial epithelium characterized by a novel fluorescence-based assay

Slevogt

Tiwari

Schmeck

et al. 2005

Med Microbiol Immunol

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“…In addition, electron microscopic data revealed that besides pili similar to those of type 4, an additional non-type 4 class of pili exists. Elucidation of the prevalence and role of these pili in the pathogenesis and host response to M. catarrhalis requires further study (171), although preliminary studies have already revealed that fimbriated bacteria bind more efficiently to lower bronchial epithelial cells than nonfimbriated bacteria do (201).…”

Section: Pericellular Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moraxella catarrhalis: from Emerging to Established Pathogen

et al. 2002

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SUMMARY Moraxella catarrhalis (formerly known as Branhamella catarrhalis) has emerged as a significant bacterial pathogen of humans over the past two decades. During this period, microbiological and molecular diagnostic techniques have been developed and improved for M. catarrhalis, allowing the adequate determination and taxonomic positioning of this pathogen. Over the same period, studies have revealed its involvement in respiratory (e.g., sinusitis, otitis media, bronchitis, and pneumonia) and ocular infections in children and in laryngitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia in adults. The development of (molecular) epidemiological tools has enabled the national and international distribution of M. catarrhalis strains to be established, and has allowed the monitoring of nosocomial infections and the dynamics of carriage. Indeed, such monitoring has revealed an increasing number of Β-lactamase-positive M. catarrhalis isolates (now well above 90%), underscoring the pathogenic potential of this organism. Although a number of putative M. catarrhalis virulence factors have been identified and described in detail, their relationship to actual bacterial adhesion, invasion, complement resistance, etc. (and ultimately their role in infection and immunity), has been established in a only few cases. In the past 10 years, various animal models for the study of M. catarrhalis pathogenicity have been described, although not all of these models are equally suitable for the study of human infection. Techniques involving the molecular manipulation of M. catarrhalis genes and antigens are also advancing our knowledge of the host response to and pathogenesis of this bacterial species in humans, as well as providing insights into possible vaccine candidates. This review aims to outline our current knowledge of M. catarrhalis, an organism that has evolved from an emerging to a well-established human pathogen.

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“…For all species of bacteria, their adherence to cells is important for the establishment of infections [1, 2, 3, 4]. We have demonstrated using various pathogens that, for any species, the first step towards lower respiratory tract infections is the adherence of respiratory pathogenic bacteria to the upper respiratory tract, such as the oropharyngeal mucosa, and colonization in that area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Respiratory Infections by Povidone-Iodine Gargle

2002

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Bacterial attachment to host cells is the initial step in the pathogenesis of infection. Our studies and those of others also showed that there is a significant correlation between the attachment of bacteria to human pharyngeal epithelial cells and the occurrence of respiratory tract infections. We identified the receptor on human pharyngeal epithelial cells which mediate binding of Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae. In an attempt to prevent occurrence of infections, the effects of povidone-iodine gargling on the incidence of respiratory infections were investigated. The subjects included a total of 23 adult patients, both males and females, with chronic respiratory diseases showing repeated infections. Patients were asked to gargle more than 4 times/day with povidone-iodine gargle over extended periods of time, i.e. from several months up to over 2 years. The incidence of episodes of acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory infections decreased significantly when compared with that before use of povidone-iodine gargle. Episodes of infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus (including MRSA) and H. influenzae were reduced by about 50%. Results of this study suggest that povidone-iodine gargle is effective in providing a significant reduction in the incidence of acute exacerbations of chronic respiratory disease. We assume that the colonized bacteria were destroyed and thus infection could not occur. Therefore, povidone-iodine gargle may be used in these patients as a preventive therapy. Further studies are needed to find out the mechanism of action of this drug for the prevention of respiratory tract infections.

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Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis Adherence to Human Bronchial and Oropharyngeal Cells: The Role of Adherence in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Abstract: Abstract:To study

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Adhesion of Moraxella catarrhalis to human bronchial epithelium characterized by a novel fluorescence-based assay

Adhesion of Moraxella catarrhalis to human bronchial epithelium characterized by a novel fluorescence-based assay

Moraxella catarrhalis: from Emerging to Established Pathogen

Prevention of Respiratory Infections by Povidone-Iodine Gargle

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