Prevention of Respiratory Infections by Povidone-Iodine Gargle

Nagatake, Tsuyoshi; Ahmed, Kamruddin; Oishi, Kazunori

doi:10.1159/000057722

Cited by 62 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Therefore, PVP-I should be used at designated concentrations. These results also supported the previous studies on the effect of the PVP-I gargle in clinical scenes (respiratory medicine and dentistry), which have reported that the standard concentration of the PVP-I gargle has sufficient bactericidal activities in the oral organic environment [7, 8]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

In vitro Short-Time Killing Activity of Povidone-Iodine (Isodine<sup>®</sup> Gargle) in the Presence of Oral Organic Matter

Yoneyama

Shimizu²,

Tabata³

et al. 2006

Dermatology

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In order to estimate the clinical efficacy of a povidone-iodine oral antiseptic (PVP-I) on oral bacterial infectious diseases, we studied the effect of oral organic matter on the in vitro killing activity of PVP-I. In addition, we compared the in vitro short-time killing activity of PVP-I with those of other oral antiseptics using mouth-washing and gargling samples collected from healthy volunteers. When any of the mouth-washing and gargling samples was used, the standard (0.23–0.47%) or lower concentrations of PVP-I killed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including multidrug-resistant strains, within 15–60 s in the presence of oral organic matter. 0.02% benzethonium chloride (BEC) and 0.002% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) did not show effects against MRSA and P. aeruginosa (including multidrug-resistant strains) in mouth-washing and gargling samples even after 60 s. The above-mentioned results show that the in vitro killing activity of the standard concentration of PVP-I was hardly affected by the oral organic matter and that a mouth-washing or gargling solution containing PVP-I has a stronger bactericidal activity than BEC and CHG. Although mouth-washing and gargling samples were obtained from healthy individuals in this study, PVP-I may be used for protection against infections in patients with various diseases, if proper concentrations and usage are encouraged.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

In vitro Short-Time Killing Activity of Povidone-Iodine (Isodine<sup>®</sup> Gargle) in the Presence of Oral Organic Matter

Yoneyama

Shimizu²,

Tabata³

et al. 2006

Dermatology

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“…In these studies, gargling with either water or PVP-I (four times daily), respectively, were found to reduce the incidence of URTIs. Furthermore, in patients experiencing chronic respiratory infections, PVP-I was found to reduce the episodes of infections with P. aeruginosa, S. aureus (including MRSA) and H. influenzae by half (62). These findings were further corroborated by a non-randomised study in which gargling with diluted PVP-I reduced the incidence of influenza-like illnesses or the common cold and subsequent absenteeism from school and the work place (65).…”

Section: The Role Of Pvp-i In Common Respiratory Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Assuming oral entry of such pathogens, gargling offers a practical measure for their eradication (62). Gargling has been strongly advocated for both prevention and treatment of URTIs in Japan, a practice supported by findings from studies that looked at the role of gargling in both healthy individuals and those with frequent or persistent respiratory infections (62)(63)(64). In these studies, gargling with either water or PVP-I (four times daily), respectively, were found to reduce the incidence of URTIs.…”

Section: The Role Of Pvp-i In Common Respiratory Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical use of povidone‐iodine antiseptic in the maintenance of oral health and in the prevention and treatment of common oropharyngeal infections

Kanagalingam¹,

et al. 2015

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Aims: To better inform medical practitioners on the role of antiseptics in oropharyngeal health and disease, this article focuses on povidone-iodine (PVP-I), an established and widely-available antiseptic agent. Methodology: Review of the anti-infective profile, efficacy and safety of PVP-I in managing common upper respiratory tract infections such as the common cold, influenza and tonsillo-pharyngitis, as well as oral complications resulting from cancer treatment (oral mucositis), and dental conditions (periodontitis, caries). Results: Antiseptics with broad-spectrum anti-infective activity and low resistance potential offer an attractive option in both infection control and prevention. While there is some evidence of benefit of antiseptics in a variety of clinical settings that include dental and oral hygiene, dermatology, oncology, and pulmonology, there appears to be discordance between the evidence-base and practice. This is especially apparent in the management and prevention of oropharyngeal infections, for which the use of antiseptics varies considerably between clinical practices, and is in marked contrast to their dermal application, where they are extensively used as both a prophylaxis and a treatment of skin and wound infections, thus minimising the use of antibiotics. Conclusion: The link between oral and oropharyngeal health status and susceptibility to infection has long been recognised. The high rates of antibiotic misuse and subsequent development of bacterial resistance (e.g. increasing vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)) in large parts of the world, especially across Asia Pacific, highlight the need for identifying alternative antimicrobials that would minimise the use of these medications. This, together with recent large-scale outbreaks of, for example, avian and swine influenza virus, further underline the importance of an increasing armamentarium for infection prevention and control. Review criteriaData were collected through PubMed using specified search criteria based on efficacy, safety and microbicidal activity of PVP-I. Other health-based search engines that included the Cochrane Library were also used to search for reviews on antiseptic use in defined clinical settings. General searches using Google for non-English articles on PVP-I were also conducted. Expert opinion was sought in areas of limited published information such as optimal duration of PVP-I treatment.

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“…The antimicrobial mechanism of PI action is attributed to the iodination and oxidation of SH-, OH-, and NH-groups in amino acids and the double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids in the membranes and cytoplasm of the infective agents [14,15]. A 10% PI solution generally contains 90% water, 8.5% PI, and 1% available iodine and iodide, and is a potent bactericidal solution that does not irritate the oral mucosa [16]. However, this solution is potentially cytotoxic and cytocidal for mammalian cells because of its nonspecific action, which has been attributed to the oxidization of free iodine in an aqueous solution [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%