Nigella sativa seed protects against 4-nonylphenol-induced haematotoxicity in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822): Oxidant/antioxidant rebalance

Abstract

4-Nonylphenol (NP) is an emerging concern contaminant which is widely spread in the aquatic ecosystem. Nigella sativa seed (NSS) has multifaceted therapeutic values. This study aimed to give insight into the potential protective effect of NSS on NP-induced haematotoxicity in Clarias gariepinus through evaluation of haematological parameters, oxidant/antioxidant balance of blood lysate and histopathological investigation of blood smear. One hundred and fifty fish were divided into five groups (30/group). First group served as control which did not received NP exposure and fed basal diet without NSS supplementation. The other four groups were exposed to NP at a dose of 0.1 mg L −1 and fed diets supplemented with NSS at levels of 0, 10, 25 and 50 g/kg diet, respectively. Macrocytic hypochromic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, monocytosis and eosinophilia were observed following NP exposure together with increase in morphological erythrocyte alterations and micronuclei formation. Elevation in total peroxide and malondialdehyde and depletion in total antioxidant capacity of blood lysate were reported. We concluded that supplementation of NSS markedly ameliorated the previously listed manifestations, and the most effective doses were 25 and 50 g/kg feed.

Black cumin seed oil increase leucocyte and CD4Thelper number in sprague-dawley rats induced with dimethylbenzanthracene

“…The content of black cumin seeds, thymoquinone, is proven laboratorically as immunomodulation because it can increase cellular and humoral immune response. Ethanol extract of black cumin seeds can increase the activity of phagocytosis and microbicidal macrophages [15][16][17]. Black cumin seed oil (BCSO) is thought to increase helper T cell function and affect T regulator, but until now there has been no research on the effect of BCSO on the number and activity of Th and Treg lymphocytes in DMBA-induced Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.…”

Reproductive Toxicity and Recovery Associated With 4-Non-ylphenol Exposure in Juvenile African Catfish (Clarias garepinus)

“…The 4-NP is toxic at concentrations of 17–3,000 μg/L, depending on the species of fish ( Mekkawy et al, 2011 ; Abou Khalil et al, 2017 ; Kotb et al, 2018 ; Sayed et al, 2019a ). A dose-dependent damage caused by 4-NP was evident in the current study, with similar results having been reported in other works as well ( Mekkawy et al, 2011 ; Al-Sharif, 2012 ; Sharma and Chadha, 2017 ).…”

“…Different blood cell indices, including hemotoxicity and biochemistry, are used as major biomarkers of systemic responses to environmental stress in fish ( Mekkawy et al, 2011 ; Abou Khalil et al, 2017 ; Sayed and Soliman, 2018 ). In addition to apoptosis, micronucle and nuclear abnormalities, fish erythrocyte deformations have also been considered in toxicological studies on pollution-stress responses ( Talapatra and Banerjee, 2007 ; Mekkawy et al, 2011 ; Sayed et al, 2016a , 2019b ).…”

Modulation of testicular activity in Indian stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis under acute exposure to 4-Nonylphenol

“…The swelled blood cells were recorded as common alteration which may be due to necrosis of their cellular outlines (Bushra et al, 2002). Abou Khalil et al (2017) reported erythrocyte alteration and micronuclei formation due to 4-Nonylphenol exposure. Erythrocytes are essential component for oxygen transport (Kuhn et al, 2017) and their deformation leads to respiratory dysfunction.…”