p-Coumaric acid, a common dietary phenol, inhibits platelet activity in vitro and in vivo

Abstract

p-Coumaric acid (3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid; 4CA), is a ubiquitous plant metabolite with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The antiplatelet activity of this compound was analysed both ex vivo and in vitro. 4-CA, administered to rabbits for 2 weeks at the dose of 5 mg/kg, mixed with food, inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation without affecting blood coagulation. This effect was associated with a marked increase in plasma antioxidant activity, measured as ferric reducing ability of plasma, and with the reduction of thromboxane B 2 production. The antiplatelet effect was confirmed by in vitro experiments on human blood: 4CA (500 mM and 1 mM) reduced ADP-induced platelet aggregation (55·2 (SE 4·01) % and 35·6 (SE 2·35) % relative to basal level, respectively). 4CA was able to modify platelet function, measured with PFA-100e, a shear-inducing device that simulates primary haemostasis. 4CA interfered also with arachidonic acid cascade, reducing thromboxane B 2 production and lipopolysaccharide-induced prostaglandin E 2 generation (IC 50 371 and 126 mM, respectively). The data show that 4CA is an antioxidant compound with good antiplatelet activity at doses that can be obtained with dietary intervention, suggesting possible applications for primary prevention of vascular disease.

Comparison of antioxidant capacity and phenolic compounds of berries, chokecherry and seabuckthorn

“…Ferulic acid may offer beneficial effects against cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease [35]. p-Coumaric acid protects the heart against doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress [36] and demonstrates good antiplatelet activity for the prevention of vascular disease [37]. Protocatechuic acid has been shown to induce hepatocellular carcinoma cell death [38].…”

Identification of Anticoagulant Components in Korean Red Ginseng

“…Phenolic compounds have received an increasing amount of attention because of their antioxidative properties, which may help prevent cardiovascular disease. For example, green tea catechin has antithrombotic activity in rats, while p-coumaric acid has antiplatelet activity in rabbits [23,24]. Many natural products have potential benefits in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disorders, including citrus fruits, tea, coffee, ginkgo, tomato, grape, red wine, olive oil, fish oil, and soy.…”

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity and standardisation of hydro-methanol extract of underground tuber ofDioscorea alata

“…Later Kim et al (2006) reported potentials of gallic acid to down-regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-a and IL-6 in mast cells. The dietary phenol PCA increases immunoglobulin levels and decreases TNF-a levels in vivo (Pragasam et al 2013), in addition, it inhibits thromboxane B 2 production and LPS-induced PGE 2 generation in vitro (Luceri et al 2007). MY has demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity under xyleneinduced ear edema, acetic acid-induced vascular permeability, carrageenan-induced paw edema, leukocyte migration, and cotton pellet granuloma models (Wang et al 2010).…”