<i>Physiology, Ecology, Phylogeny, and Genomics of Microorganisms Capable of Syntrophic Metabolism</i>

McInerney, Michael J.; Struchtemeyer, Christopher G.; Sieber, Jessica R.; Mouttaki, Housna; Stams, A.J.M.; Schink, Bernhard; Rohlin, Lars; Gunsalus, Robert P.

doi:10.1196/annals.1419.005

Cited by 364 publications

(325 citation statements)

References 121 publications

(372 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

313

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The closest related cultured species of labeled clostridial sequences, C. beijerinckii and C. puniceum, can produce substantial amounts of H 2 in addition to butyrate, acetate, formate and butanol . Although H 2 is a trophic link to methanogenesis and acetogenesis (Drake et al, 2006Hedderich and Whitman, 2006;Liu and Whitman, 2008;McInerney et al, 2008), methanogens and acetogens are not metabolically significant in the earthworm gut (Karsten and Drake, 1995).…”

Section: Fermentative Processes and General Diversity In Gut Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridiaceae and Enterobacteriaceae as active fermenters in earthworm gut content

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The earthworm gut provides ideal in situ conditions for ingested heterotrophic soil bacteria capable of anaerobiosis. High amounts of mucus-and plant-derived saccharides such as glucose are abundant in the earthworm alimentary canal, and high concentrations of molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) and organic acids in the alimentary canal are indicative of ongoing fermentations. Thus, the central objective of this study was to resolve potential links between fermentations and active fermenters in gut content of the anecic earthworm Lumbricus terrestris by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-based stable isotope probing, with [ 13 C]glucose as a model substrate. Glucose consumption in anoxic gut content microcosms was rapid and yielded soluble organic compounds (acetate, butyrate, formate, lactate, propionate, succinate and ethanol) and gases (carbon dioxide and H 2 ), products indicative of diverse fermentations in the alimentary canal. Clostridiaceae and Enterobacteriaceae were users of glucose-derived carbon. On the basis of the detection of 16S rRNA, active phyla in gut contents included Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospirae, Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes and Verrucomicrobia, taxa common to soils. On the basis of a 16S rRNA gene similarity cutoff of 87.5%, 82 families were detected, 17 of which were novel family-level groups. These findings (a) show the large diversity of soil taxa that might be active during gut passage, (b) show that Clostridiaceae and Enterobacteriaceae (fermentative subsets of these taxa) are selectively stimulated by glucose and might therefore be capable of consuming mucus-and plant-derived saccharides during gut passage and (c) indicate that ingested obligate anaerobes and facultative aerobes from soil can concomitantly metabolize the same source of carbon.

show abstract

Section: Fermentative Processes and General Diversity In Gut Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridiaceae and Enterobacteriaceae as active fermenters in earthworm gut content

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interspecies symbiosis based on nutrient exchange (syntrophy) is well known in the bacterial world. 43 Bacteria are also known to communicate using an interspecies quorum sensing factor AI-2 that induces synthesis of proteins that are useful for a community rather than a single cell, such as toxins or polymer hydrolases. 44 Uncultured bacteria, however, do not grow on rich synthetic media, and AI-2 has not been found to function as a growth-promoting factor, raising questions about the nature of unknown growth-promoting factors in microbial communities.…”

Section: Growth Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncultured microorganisms as a source of secondary metabolites

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The vast majority of microbial species are 'uncultured' and do not grow under laboratory conditions. This has led to the development of a number of methods to culture these organisms in a simulated natural environment. Approaches include placing cells in chambers that allow diffusion of compounds from the natural environment, traps enclosed with porous membranes that specifically capture organisms forming hyphae-actinobacteria and microfungi, and growth in the presence of cultivable helper species. Repeated cultivation in situ produces domesticated variants that can grow on regular media in vitro, and can be scaled up for secondary metabolite production. The co-culture approach has led to the identification of the first class of growth factors for uncultured bacteria, iron-chelating siderophores. It appears that many uncultured organisms from diverse taxonomical groups have lost the ability to produce siderophores, and depend on neighboring species for growth. The new cultivation approaches allow for the exploitation of the secondary metabolite potential of the previously inaccessible microorganisms.

show abstract

“…This type of cooperative interaction is very widespread among both Bacteria and Archaea and is frequently based on the reciprocal exchange of certain metabolites (Schink, 2002;McInerney et al, 2008;Sieuwerts et al, 2008;Morris et al, 2013). For those cases, where the interaction partners have been studied in more detail, characteristic features such as the loss of essential biosynthetic functions (McInerney et al, 2007) or the formation of physical attachment structures (Ishii et al, 2005;Wanner et al, 2008) have been reported that may have arisen as specific adaptations to the symbiotic lifestyle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness and stability of obligate cross-feeding interactions that emerge upon gene loss in bacteria

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cross-feeding interactions, in which bacterial cells exchange costly metabolites to the benefit of both interacting partners, are very common in the microbial world. However, it generally remains unclear what maintains this type of interaction in the presence of non-cooperating types. We investigate this problem using synthetic cross-feeding interactions: by simply deleting two metabolic genes from the genome of Escherichia coli, we generated genotypes that require amino acids to grow and release other amino acids into the environment. Surprisingly, in a vast majority of cases, cocultures of two cross-feeding strains showed an increased Darwinian fitness (that is, rate of growth) relative to prototrophic wild type cells-even in direct competition. This unexpected growth advantage was due to a division of metabolic labour: the fitness cost of overproducing amino acids was less than the benefit of not having to produce others when they were provided by their partner. Moreover, frequency-dependent selection maintained cross-feeding consortia and limited exploitation by non-cooperating competitors. Together, our synthetic study approach reveals ecological principles that can help explain the widespread occurrence of obligate metabolic cross-feeding interactions in nature.

show abstract

Physiology, Ecology, Phylogeny, and Genomics of Microorganisms Capable of Syntrophic Metabolism

Cited by 364 publications

References 121 publications

Clostridiaceae and Enterobacteriaceae as active fermenters in earthworm gut content

Clostridiaceae and Enterobacteriaceae as active fermenters in earthworm gut content

Uncultured microorganisms as a source of secondary metabolites

Fitness and stability of obligate cross-feeding interactions that emerge upon gene loss in bacteria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About