Populus cathayana males are less affected than females by excess manganese: Comparative proteomic and physiological analyses

Abstract

The comprehension of sexually different responses in dioecious plants to excess manganese (Mn) stress requires molecular explanation. Physiological and proteomic changes in leaves of Populus cathayana males and females were analyzed after 4 wk of exposure to Mn stress. Under excess Mn conditions, shoot height and photosynthesis decreased more in females than in males. Females also showed severe browning and subcellular damage, higher Mn2+ absorption, and different antioxidant enzyme activities compared with males. There were ten differently regulated protein spots induced by excess Mn stress. They were mainly related to photosynthesis, ROS cleaning, and cell signaling associated to ROS, plant cell death, heat shock, cell defense and rescue, and gene expression and regulation. Variation in protein expression between the sexes clearly showed that males have evolved more efficient photosynthesis capacity, more stable gene expression and regulation, and better cell defense and rescue to prevent further injury under excess Mn stress.

Sex-specific responses to winter flooding, spring waterlogging and post-flooding recovery in Populus deltoides

“…Our results indicate that, in terms of antioxidant enzymatic systems, P. deltoides males are more tolerant to winter flooding stress than females. Previous studies have shown that females of P. yunnanensis , P. cathayana , and P. deltoides exhibit greater ROS accumulation and oxidative stress damage, and have less efficient antioxidant enzymatic systems than males during environmentally stressful growth season conditions 6, 17, 18, 21, 28, 30 .…”

SWATH-MS based quantitive proteomics reveal regulatory metabolism and networks of androdioecy breeding system in Osmanthus fragrans

“…Interestingly, proteome changes of male and female Populus cathayana under drought stress were investigated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) method, the upregulation of photosynthesis, energy metabolism and stress responses in male poplars explaining the observation that male poplars are more resistant to drought stress compared to female poplars [20]. Such phenomenon also occurred in other abiotic stresses such as salt, chilling and heavy metals [21][22][23][24]. Moreover, large-scale proteomic analysis has been widely used in many other plant research as a promising tool for protein identification and gene function characterization [25,26].…”

Proteomics: a promising tool for research on sex-related differences in dioecious plants

“…A complex sex determination mechanism has been found in Mercurialis annua , in which the sex is controlled by multiple unlinked loci (Janousek and Mrackova, 2010 ). Recently, much research on dioecious plants has focused on sex-linked genes (e.g., Blavet et al, 2015 ; Harkess et al, 2015 ; Jia et al, 2015 ) and sex-related differences (e.g., Chen et al, 2011 , 2013 ; Zhou et al, 2012 ; Liu et al, 2013 ; Xiong et al, 2013 ; Juvany et al, 2014 ; Deng et al, 2015 ; Juvany and Munné-Bosch, 2015 ).…”

“…Proteomic differences are also dependent on developmental stages and environmental conditions, so experimental design is an important component. While differential abundant protein analysis has been applied to investigate sex-related differences in dioecious plants, there are only a few studies that have used proteomic approaches (e.g., Chen et al, 2011 , 2013 ; Xiong et al, 2013 ).…”

“…The completion of the Populus trichocarpa genome (Tuskan et al, 2006 ) has facilitated proteomic analysis of abiotic stress response in poplar trees. Recently, differences in the leaf proteomes of male and female Populus cathayana plants under excess salt (Chen et al, 2011 ) and Mn (Chen et al, 2013 ) were compared using a 2-DE/MS-MS approach. The study found that many important functional proteins are present at higher levels and there were reductions in protein degradation in males under stress conditions.…”