rpoB Genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Family Isolates from East Asian Countries

Abstract

The 81-bp region of the rpoB gene in 66 Rif r Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan was analyzed. Twelve single-nucleotide substitutions in the rpoB gene were detected. The most prevalent mutations were at Ser-531 (52%), Asp-516 (17%), and His-526 (11%). Mutations were not found in seven (11%) of the isolates. Higher mutation rates in 50 Beijing family isolates were found than in other isolates for mutations at Asp-516 (18 and 12.5%, respectively) and His-526 (12 and 6.3%, respectively). The different rates of mutation may reflect the choice of rifamycin analogs.

Extremely high prevalence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Murmansk, Russia: a population-based study

“…35.8% of the patients (n=439) had never been treated for TB (new cases) while 64.2% (n=787) had been previously treated for TB (Table 1). Drug susceptibility testing (DST) was conducted for the four first-line drugs INH, RIF, streptomycin (STR), and ethambutol (EMB) by the proportion method on Löwenstein-Jensen media according to the WHO guidelines [12].…”

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“…The mutation frequency and type vary in function of different parameters, such as the geographic region, the drug resistance pattern and genetic background (Fenner et al., 2012; Hillemann, Kubica, Rusch‐Gerdes, & Niemann, 2005; Lipin, Stepanshina, Shemyakin, & Shinnick, 2007; Qian et al., 2002). Despite the large diversity of mutation patterns globally, only few specific mutations are predominant (Table 2) (Sandgren et al., 2009; Zhang & Yew, 2015).…”

“… Notes aNucleotide change.bSee the following studies for reference (Campbell et al., 2011; Duong et al., 2009; Hazbon et al., 2006; Hillemann et al., 2005; Lipin et al., 2007; Mokrousov et al., 2002; Müller et al., 2011; Niehaus et al., 2015; Perdigao et al., 2010; Pozzi et al., 1999; Qian et al., 2002; Shi et al., 2011; van Soolingen et al., 2000; Sreevatsan et al., 1996, 1997; Telenti et al., 1993; Von Groll et al., 2009). …”

“…At last, the mutation type has been correlated with the genetic background of M. tuberculosis lineages in several studies (Hillemann et al., 2005; Mokrousov et al., 2006; Qian et al., 2002; Ribeiro et al., 2014). For instance, the kat G S315T is prevalent in lineage 2, conversely the inh A‐15 mutation is associated mostly with lineage 1 (Casali et al., 2014; Fenner et al., 2012; Gagneux, Burgos, et al., 2006; Mokrousov et al., 2002; Nguyen, Nguyen, et al., 2017).…”

“…Similar to that, the rpo B S531L mutation is observed mainly in lineage 2 compared with other lineages, while the rpo B D516V mutation is more frequent in lineage 4 (LAM family) (Casali et al., 2014; Hillemann et al., 2005; Lipin et al., 2007). In particular, the prevalence of specific drug resistance‐associated mutations also varies within the lineage, such as the frequencies of the rpo B S531L and kat G S315T mutations are greater in the modern (typical) Beijing strains than in ancient (atypical) ones (Hillemann et al., 2005; Lipin et al., 2007; Qian et al., 2002). These differences could be the result of epistatic interactions (see Box 1 and below) and might reflect the adaptation of M. tuberculosis sublineages to the different human populations and the efficiency of treatment and public health strategies (Bañuls et al., 2015; Comas et al., 2013; Eldholm et al., 2016).…”