Sapium ellipticum(Hochst.) Pax Ethanol Leaf Extract Maintains Lipid Homeostasis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is a common metabolic disorder especially in diabetes mellitus (DM). In this study, the ability of Sapium ellipticum (SE) leaf extract to restore lipid homeostasis in streptozotocin-induced diabetes was examined. DM was induced in experimental rats (Wistar strains) using single intraperitoneal dose (55 mg/kg body weight {BW}) of streptozotocin (STZ). Treatment of diabetic rats with SE was oral (p.o), at doses of 400 and 800 mg kg−1 BW, twice daily at 8 h interval for 21 days. Lipid parameters were analyzed in the serum of rats using test kits. SE caused a significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction in STZ-induced hypercholesterolemia in a dose dependent pattern (13.7 and 17.89%). These effects were comparable to that provided by metformin (15.45%), a standard antidiabetic drug. Similar pattern was noted with serum triglycerides (TG) (10.63 and 19.06%) and LDL (31.47 and 25.97%). Adipose tissue TG level was improved to near normal. Besides, the cardiovascular risk predictors in terms of atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and LDL/HDL ratio were lowered by 57.85 and 44.12%, respectively. However, the extract failed to significantly reverse the STZ-induced decline in serum HDL. Overall, with AIP value of 0.28 and LDL/HDL ratio of 0.91, SE demonstrated the potential to maintain lipid homeostasis in the diabetics.

Thymoquinone Attenuates Cardiomyopathy in Streptozotocin‐Treated Diabetic Rats

“…Diabetic rats had a significant elevation in plasma TAG and LDL-C levels, while HDL-C levels were significantly reduced when compared to control rats. These findings are consistent with results of Ighodaro et al [ 23 ] and Zhang et al [ 24 ] in which the authors reported significant elevations in total cholesterol, TAG, HDL-C, and LDL-C of STZ-treated rats, and with our previous results that the plasma concentration of insulin was significantly reduced in diabetic rats, which led to hyperglycemia with a high percentage of HbA1C [ 13 ]. Alternatively, TQ significantly improved the plasma levels of TAG, LDL-C, and HDL-C in the diabetic + TQ group in relation to the diabetic group.…”

Effect of the combination of Leptadenia hastata (pers) decne and Momordica balsamina linn leaf extracts on lipid profile of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

“…This finding is consistent with our results and could be due to an increased non-enzymatic glycation of HDL-C resulting in its increased clearance [40]. While our study did not observe a significant improvement of HDL level after treatment with the plant extracts alone and in combination, the finding is however in agreement with the study of Ighodaro et al [41]. This emphasizes the need for long- term research in order to ascertain the lipid-lowering mechanism of action of the medicinal plants as potential drug candidates.…”

Hypoglycemic, antidyslipidemic, and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Struchium sparganophora leaves in alloxan-induced oxidative stress-mediated diabetes in rats

“…Administration of alloxan could have resulted in leakage of these enzymes from the liver and some other tissues into circulation, indicating the injury of these tissues. The effect of SPA on liver enzyme markers is in agreement with several other studies on medicinal plant effects in diabetic rats [27,28].…”

“…Akinloye and Solanke [25] reported a marked reduction in serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats treated with Pigeon pea methanol extract. Sapium ellipticum leaf ethanol extract has been reported to maintain lipid homeostasis in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats [27].…”