<i>Triticum dicoccoides</i>: An important genetic resource for increasing zinc and iron concentration in modern cultivated wheat

Çakmak, İsmail; Torun, Ayfer Alkan; Millet, E.; Feldman, Moshe; Fahima, Tzion; Korol, Abraham B.; Nevo, Eviatar; Braun, Hans‐Joachim; Özkan, Hakan

doi:10.1080/00380768.2004.10408573

Cited by 323 publications

(261 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Gomez-Becerra et al (2010b) discovered most of genotypes were not only with high grain Zn and Fe concentrations but also high seed weight in T. dicoccoides, considering no concentration effect due to small grain size. Similar to the previous reports by Cakmak et al (2004) and Velu et al (2012) who discovered no negative linkage of grain Zn and Fe with grain yield, our study also indicated the Fe and Zn concentrations were not correlative with both the seed volume and thousand-kernel weight (TKW) in 12 T. timopheevii ssp. timopheevii accessions (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Zn and Fe concentration variations of grain and flag leaf and the Relationship with NAM-G1 Gene in Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk. ssp. timopheevii

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2017

Cereal Research Communications

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Grains of 12 accessions of Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk. ssp. timopheevii (AAGG, 2n = 4x = 28) and one bread wheat cultivar Chinese Spring (CS) and one durum wheat cultivar Langdon (LDN) grown across two years were analyzed for grain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentrations. All the 12 tested T. timopheevii ssp. timopheevii genotypes showed significantly higher concentration of grain Fe and Zn than CS and LDN. Aboundant genetic variability of both the Fe and Zn concentrations was observed among the T. timopheevii ssp. timopheevii accessions, averagely varied from 47.06 to 90.26 mg kg -1 and from 30.05 to 65.91 mg kg -1 , respectively. Their grain Fe and Zn concentrations between years exhibited a significantly positive correlation with the correlation coefficients r = 0.895 and r = 0.891, respectively, indicating the highly genetic stability. Flag leaf possessed twice or three times higher concentrations for both Fe and Zn than grain, and a significantly high positive correlation appeared between the two organs with r = 0.648 for Fe and r = 0.957 for Zn concentrations, respectively, suggesting flag leaves might be indirectly used for evaluating grain Zn and Fe contents. Significant correlations occurred between grain Fe and Zn concentrations, and between grain Zn concentration and the two agronomic traits of plant height and number of spikelets per spike. Both the concentrations were not related to seed size or weight as well as NAM-G1 gene, implying the higher grain Fe and Zn concentrations of T. timopheevii ssp. timopheevii species are not ascribed to concentration effects of seed and the genetic control of NAM-G1 gene. There might be some other biological factors impacting the grain's Zn and Fe concentrations. These results indicated T. timopheevii ssp. timopheevii species might be a promising genetic resource with high Fe and Zn concentrations for the biofortification of current wheat cultivars. Keywords IntroductionIt has been reported that micronutrient malnutrition, particularly deficiencies in Fe and Zn, afflicts a very large proportion of the world's people. The World Health Organization estimated that more than 2 billion people have deficiencies in Zn and Fe, resulting in overall poor health, anemia, increased morbidity and mortality rates, and low worker productivity (Hotz and Brown 2004;Welch and Graham 2004;Bouis 2007;Cakmak 2008;Salim-Ur-Rehman et al. 2010). Currently, the phenomena which are termed "hidden hunger" (FAO 2002), generally occur in developing countries, where most people rely on cereal grain as their staple food.Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important staple food crops, providing 28% of world's edible dry matter (Cakmak 2008). So, the composition and nutritional quality of wheat grain have a significant impact on human health and wellbeing worldwide (Chatzav et al. 2010;Wang et al. 2011). In the past, a great effort has been made for improving wheat grain yield and resistance to leaf diseases (He et al. 2004). However, little attention was given to microm...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Zn and Fe concentration variations of grain and flag leaf and the Relationship with NAM-G1 Gene in Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk. ssp. timopheevii

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2017

Cereal Research Communications

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“…Rice genotypes are highly different in their tolerance to soil Zn deficiency (Hoffland et al 2006;Wissuwa et al 2006;Gao et al 2009); but the role of this genetic variation for Zn deficiency tolerance in grain Zn accumulation is not well studied. In case of wheat, it seems that the genes affecting grain Zn accumulation and expression of Zn deficiency tolerance are different (Cakmak et al 2004). As discussed by Cakmak et al (2004), there is even an inverse relationship between high Zn-deficiency tolerance and grain Zn accumulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In case of wheat, it seems that the genes affecting grain Zn accumulation and expression of Zn deficiency tolerance are different (Cakmak et al 2004). As discussed by Cakmak et al (2004), there is even an inverse relationship between high Zn-deficiency tolerance and grain Zn accumulation. Probably, grain Zn concentrations are diluted due to higher grain yield capacity of the genotypes showing higher tolerance to soil Zn deficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of different foliar zinc application at different growth stages on seed zinc concentration and its impact on seedling vigor in rice

Boonchuay

Çakmak

Rerkasem

et al. 2013

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

132

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This study evaluated how zinc (Zn) concentration of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed may be increased and subsequent seedling growth improved by foliar Zn application. Eight foliar Zn treatments of 0.5% zinc sulfate (ZnSO 4 Á 7H 2 O) were applied to the rice plant at different growth stages. The resulting seeds were germinated to evaluate effects of seed Zn on seedling growth. Foliar Zn increased paddy Zn concentration only when applied after flowering, with larger increases when applications were repeated. The largest increases of up to ten-fold were in the husk, and smaller increases in brown rice Zn. In the first few days of germination, seedlings from seeds with 42 to 67 mg Zn kg À1 had longer roots and coleoptiles than those from seeds with 18 mg Zn kg À1 , but this effect disappeared later. The benefit of high seed Zn in seedling growth is also indicated by a positive correlation between Zn concentration in germinating seeds and the combined roots and shoot dry weight (r ¼ 0.55, p < 0.05). Zinc in rice grains can be effectively raised by foliar Zn application after flowering, with a potential benefit of this to rice eaters indicated by up to 55% increases of brown rice Zn, and agronomically in more rapid early growth and establishment.

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“…Both mineral concentration (amount per unit weight, i.e., mg kg À1 ) and mineral content (amount per seed, i.e., mg seed À1 ) are positively correlated (Cakmak et al 2004;Hacisalihoglu et al 2005;Stangoulis et al 2007) and either can be used to estimate the quantity of the minerals in the seeds (see Section V.A).…”

Section: B Genotype â Environment Interaction and Relationships Betwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritionally Enhanced Staple Food Crops

Dwivedi

Sahrawat

Kedar

et al. 2012

Plant Breeding Reviews

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Triticum dicoccoides: An important genetic resource for increasing zinc and iron concentration in modern cultivated wheat

Cited by 323 publications

References 39 publications

Zn and Fe concentration variations of grain and flag leaf and the Relationship with NAM-G1 Gene in Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk. ssp. timopheevii

Zn and Fe concentration variations of grain and flag leaf and the Relationship with NAM-G1 Gene in Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk. ssp. timopheevii

Effect of different foliar zinc application at different growth stages on seed zinc concentration and its impact on seedling vigor in rice

Nutritionally Enhanced Staple Food Crops

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