IASI instrument: technical description and measured performances

Hébert, Philippe; Blumstein, Denis; Buil, C.; Carlier, Thierry; Chalon, G.; Astruc, Patrick; Clauss, Alain; Siméoni, Denis; Tournier, Bernard

doi:10.1117/12.2308007

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In Figure 1a below, we depict the total information content for all spectral channels from a global ensemble of simulated AIRS and CrIS measurements, respectively. We contrast their information content with that from the European IASI instrument (Siméoni et al, 1997;Aires et al, 2002;Chalon et al, 2017), in polar orbit on the MetOp series since 2006. Despite instrument differences such as spectral resolution, number of channels, instrument calibration and noise (Figure 1b), CrIS, IASI and AIRS all have a total information content of k =100 significant eigenvectors.…”

Section: Climcaps Observing Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

CLIMCAPS Observing Capability for Temperature, Moisture and Trace Gases from AIRS/AMSU and CrIS/ATMS

Smith¹,

Barnet²

2020

Preprint

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Abstract. The Community Long-term Infrared Microwave Combined Atmospheric Product System (CLIMCAPS) retrieves vertical profiles of temperature, water vapor, greenhouse- and pollutant gases as well as cloud properties from measurements made by infrared and microwave instruments on polar-orbiting satellites. These are AIRS/AMSU on Aqua and CrIS/ATMS on Suomi-NPP as well as NOAA20. CLIMCAPS retrieves these atmospheric soundings from each satellite platform individually that together form a multi-platform, multi-instrument record of satellite soundings spanning nearly two decades of daily observations (2002 to present). Such a record is useful for characterizing diurnal and seasonal atmospheric processes from different time periods and regions across the globe. The strength of the observed signal at each scene is affected by a range of uncertainty sources broadly stemming from two classes, namely (i) the observing system (e.g., instrument type and noise, choice of inversion method, algorithmic implementation and assumptions) and (ii) localized conditions (e.g., presence of clouds, rate of temperature change with pressure, amount of water vapor and surface type). If uncertainty is not explicitly quantified and reported, then retrieval products lose value in science and applications because their measured signals are obscured and, worse, misinterpreted. In this paper we characterize the CLIMCAPS Version 2.0 system and diagnose its observing capability for seven retrieval variables – temperature, H2O, CO, O3, CO2, HNO3 and CH4 – from two satellite platforms, Aqua and NOAA20. We illustrate how CLIMCAPS observing capability varies spatially, from scene to scene and latitudinally across the globe. We conclude with a discussion of how CLIMCAPS uncertainty metrics can be used in diagnosing its retrievals to promote understanding of the observing system as well as the atmosphere it measures.

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Section: Climcaps Observing Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

CLIMCAPS Observing Capability for Temperature, Moisture and Trace Gases from AIRS/AMSU and CrIS/ATMS

Smith¹,

Barnet²

2020

Preprint

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“…A typical high spectral resolution (or hyperspectral) IR sounder measures the radiance emitted from the Earth system with thousands of very narrow and well-calibrated channels; e.g., the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), 9 Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer, 10 and Crosstrack Infrared Sounder (CrIS). 11 An example of a high spectral resolution brightness temperature spectrum is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low earth orbit sounder retrieval products at geostationary earth orbit spatial and temporal scales

Anheuser

Weisz

Menzel

2020

J. Appl. Rem. Sens.

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Infrared (IR) sounders, onboard satellites in low Earth orbit, are high spectral resolution interferometers capable of providing very accurate IR radiance measurements using thousands of channels. Though their temporal resolution is a relatively low 12 h, these data can be used to produce high vertical resolution temperature and humidity profiles. Imagers, often aboard satellites in geostationary Earth orbit, are radiometers providing high spatial and temporal resolution radiance measurements across a more limited number of bands, typically ∼10 to ∼20. Their data are used for monitoring Earth's weather and climate. A data fusion method (developed and previously demonstrated at University of Wisconsin-Madison) is utilized to construct high vertical resolution, sounder-like temperature and humidity retrievals at imager high spatial and temporal resolution. Using the Crosstrack Infrared Sounder (CrIS) and Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) data, comparison of concurrent and ∼50-min time-series fusion to radiosondes launched from February 2017 to March 2019 over the Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plains Site shows that the improved spatial and temporal resolution does not come at the expense of accuracy as compared with the sounder retrieval at native resolution. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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“…This enables the profiling of temperature (using CO 2 absorption features) and water vapor concentrations and measurement of concentrations of trace gases. IR sounders operating today include the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the NASA Aqua satellite [1], the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) on the NASA/NOAA Suomi NPP and NOAA JPSS satellites [2], the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) on the EUMETSAT MetOp satellites [3], the Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (HIRAS) on the CMA FY-3 satellites [4], the Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder on the CMA FY-4A satellite [5], and the advanced infrared (IR) sounder IKFS-2 on the Russian Meteor-M satellite [6]. All of these instruments are 'hyperspectral', having very high spectral resolution (>1000) enabling the resolution of CO 2 and H 2 O absorption features used to make temperature and water vapor profiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SI-Traceability and Measurement Uncertainty of the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder Version 5 Level 1B Radiances

et al. 2020

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The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the EOS Aqua Spacecraft was launched on 4 May 2002. The AIRS is designed to measure atmospheric temperature and water vapor profiles and has demonstrated exceptional radiometric and spectral accuracy and stability in orbit. The International System of Units (SI)-traceability of the derived radiances is achieved by transferring the calibration from the Large Area Blackbody (LABB) with SI traceable temperature sensors, to the On-Board Calibrator (OBC) blackbody during preflight testing. The AIRS views the OBC blackbody and four full aperture space views every scan. A recent analysis of pre-flight and on-board data has improved our understanding of the measurement uncertainty of the Version 5 AIRS L1B radiance product. For temperatures greater than 260 K, the measurement uncertainty is better than 250 mK 1-sigma for most channels. SI-traceability and quantification of the radiometric measurement uncertainty is critical to reducing biases in reanalysis products and radiative transfer models (RTMs) that use AIRS data, as well as establishing the suitability of AIRS as a benchmark for radiances established in the early 2000s.Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 1338 2 of 25 measure surface temperature and emissivity, cloud top height, cloud liquid water and cloud fraction. The data from the IR sounders assimilated into Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models have demonstrated amongst the highest forecast improvement in NWP models of all data types. The data are regularly used in studies of processes affecting weather [7] and climate as well as the validation of weather and climate models [8]. The data are also used in applications including volcano alerts [9], drought prediction [10], and air quality and pollution transport [11]. The AIRS instrument has shown exceptional radiometric stability to date, making it a valuable tool for climate trending and model validation [12]. Remote Sens. 2019, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 25 models have demonstrated amongst the highest forecast improvement in NWP models of all data types. The data are regularly used in studies of processes affecting weather [7] and climate as well as the validation of weather and climate models [8]. The data are also used in applications including volcano alerts [9], drought prediction [10], and air quality and pollution transport [11]. The AIRS instrument has shown exceptional radiometric stability to date, making it a valuable tool for climate trending and model validation [12]. Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 1338 3 of 25The AIRS is a reference sensor in the Global Space-Based Intercalibration of Sensors (GSICS) [17,18]. AIRS is used operationally by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) for comparison to Himawari 8/9 AHI JM [19], the Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA) for comparison to COMS [20], and NOAA for comparison to CrIS [21] and GOES [22], and EUMETSAT for comparison to IASI [23]. The results show that the AIRS compares with IASI and CrIS to better than 0.2 K (1-sigma) in most cases. The long record of AIRS, com...

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IASI instrument: technical description and measured performances

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

CLIMCAPS Observing Capability for Temperature, Moisture and Trace Gases from AIRS/AMSU and CrIS/ATMS

CLIMCAPS Observing Capability for Temperature, Moisture and Trace Gases from AIRS/AMSU and CrIS/ATMS

Low earth orbit sounder retrieval products at geostationary earth orbit spatial and temporal scales

SI-Traceability and Measurement Uncertainty of the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder Version 5 Level 1B Radiances

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