Icariin accelerates cartilage defect repair by promoting chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs under conditions of oxygen‐glucose deprivation

Abstract

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease in which the main pathological change is the destruction of articular cartilage 1,2 that serves to bear weight and relieve contact stress. 3 Articular cartilage is particularly susceptible to damage because it lacks neurons and blood vessels, making it difficult to repair itself once damage occurs. 4,5 Microfracture and chondrocyte transplantation are often used clinically to repair damaged cartilage tissue 6 ; however, the long-term satisfaction with the curative effect of this procedure is low, and large amounts of fibrocartilage components appear in the newly formed cartilage tissue after the operation, which affects the flexibility of the joints after microfracture. 6 Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation is a reliable method for treating a cartilaginous defect; however, the financial cost of the procedure is high. 7 Hence, there remains a need to develop more effective methods for treating cartilage damage.Mesenchymal stem cells exhibit the ability to differentiate into specific cell types and self-renew and therefore play a key role in

Icariin-loaded hydrogel with concurrent chondrogenesis and anti-inflammatory properties for promoting cartilage regeneration in a large animal model

“…Findings from several studies suggest a chondrogenesis-promoting effect of ICA not only in chondrocytes but also in mesenchymal stem cells, mediated by the secretion of various chondrogenic growth factors, such as BMPs and TGF-β1 ( Kankala et al, 2018 ; Tang et al, 2022 ). Literature evidence suggests that BMP signals can significantly upregulate the expression of a key chondrogenic gene (Sox9), collagen type II, and aggrecan ( Li et al, 2012 ; Lin et al, 2020 ).…”

Three-Dimensional Printing of Polycaprolactone/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds with a Pore Size of 300/500 µm is Histocompatible and Promotes Osteogenesis Using Rabbit Cortical Bone Marrow Stem Cells

“…Osteogenic induction, adipogenic induction, and chondrogenesis induction were carried using previously described methods [ 37 ]. Osteogenic differentiation was induced by Alizarin red S staining (SolariBio, Beijing, China), adipogenic differentiation was induced by oil red O staining (SolariBio, Beijing, China), and chondrogenesis induction was induced by Alcian blue staining (Cyagen BioSci, Santa Clara, CA, USA).…”

Advancements in tissue engineering for articular cartilage regeneration

“…Icariin has shown promise in accelerating cartilage ECM synthesis, inhibiting degradation, and promoting cartilage-specific gene expression and differentiation [ [92] , [93] , [94] ]. The mechanism is related to the increase in aggregation protein, BMP2, and COL2A1 in BMSCs [ 95 ] and the activation of the Wnt/s-catenin signaling pathway [ 96 ]. In osteoarthritic rats, the combined action of curcumin and BMSCs has been observed to promote AC repair and delayed disease progression [ 69 ].…”