Ice Damage in Thinned and Nonthinned Loblolly Pine Plantations Infected with Fusiform Rust

Belanger, Roger P.; Godbee, John F.; Anderson, Robert L.; Paul, Juan

doi:10.1093/sjaf/20.3.136

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“… Rubin and Manion [2001] suggested the relationship between damage and diameter might depend on the tree species. Belanger et al [1996] found no difference in damage to loblolly pines ( Pinus taeda L.) of different size classes (DBH) following an ice storm. Ryall and Smith [2005] observed that large diameter trees were less damaged by ice accumulation than small diameter trees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Impact of the 2008 ice storm on moso bamboo plantations in southeast China

Zhou¹,

Li²,

Wang³

et al. 2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] A massive ice and snow storm occurred in early 2008 in south China and caused extensive damage to forests. Thirty-six plots of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) plantation were established following the ice storm in the central growth area of moso bamboo, Fenyi, Jiangxi province, China. The topographical condition and stand attributes, and the ice storm impact on moso bamboo plantations were investigated. We found that an average of 54.48% (±17.58%) bamboo culms was damaged. The damage patterns included bending, snapping and uprooting, which accounted for 17.01% (±7.28%), 22.37% (±11.58%) and 15.11% (±11.54%) of the total, respectively. An average of 16.42 (±7.09) tons per hectare dead dry biomass was produced, accounting for 37.73% (±14.41%) of total aboveground biomass. A mean value of 8.21 (±3.55) Mg C per hectare was shifted from living biomass to dead. Stand level analysis showed a significant increase in damage level and dead biomass production at north oriented slopes, and with high stand density (between 3000 and 4500 culm/ha). High altitude caused a higher proportion of snapped culms but a lower proportion of uprooted. Analysis at individual culm level suggested that the susceptibility for a culm to break or uproot due to ice storm would rise as its diameter increased, while the susceptibility to bend would decline. The young (1 year old) culm was more susceptible to snapping or bending, while overmature (>5 years old) culm was more susceptible to uprooting, implying it is a good managing practice to harvest mature culm timely.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Impact of the 2008 ice storm on moso bamboo plantations in southeast China

Zhou¹,

Li²,

Wang³

et al. 2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Wiley and Zeide (1991) observed a reduction in diameter growth of Pinus taeda for 8 years after the 1974 ice storm in southeast Arkansas that caused severe crown damage, bending and breakage of stems; the following 6 years, however, showed similar or increased diameter growth of broken trees relative to undamaged trees (see also Bragg & Shelton, 2010). Belanger et al (1996) also reported a lack of recovery in diameter growth of Pinus taeda with severe crown damage for a 5 year period following the 1983 storm in central Georgia. Similar effects may have resulted in reduced radial growth of Pinus taeda observed in our study for up to 4 years following the extreme storms.…”

Section: Influence Of Climate and Extreme Storm Events On Tree Ring Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Declining Radial Growth Response of Coastal Forests to Hurricanes and Nor'easters

et al. 2018

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The Mid‐Atlantic coastal forests in Virginia are stressed by episodic disturbance from hurricanes and nor'easters. Using annual tree ring data, we adopt a dendroclimatic and statistical modeling approach to understand the response and resilience of a coastal pine forest to extreme storm events, over the past few decades. Results indicate that radial growth of trees in the study area is influenced by age, regional climate trends, and individual tree effects but dominated periodically by growth disturbance due to storms. We evaluated seven local extreme storm events to understand the effect of nor'easters and hurricanes on radial growth. A general decline in radial growth was observed in the year of the extreme storm and 3 years following it, after which the radial growth started recovering. The decline in radial growth showed a statistically significant correlation with the magnitude of the extreme storm (storm surge height and wind speed). This study contributes to understanding declining tree growth response and resilience of coastal forests to past disturbances. Given the potential increase in hurricanes and storm surge severity in the region, this can help predict vegetation response patterns to similar disturbances in the future.

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“…For those trees that suffer damage from ice storms, the growth of individual trees following ice storm damage is strongly dependent on the total crown loss (Belanger et al, 1996). In an 18-20 year old loblolly pine plantation, 28% of those critically injured (greater than 70% crown loss) died within the first growing season following a severe ice storm, while only 2% of less damaged individuals died (Bragg et al, 2002).…”

Section: Morphological Differences and Ice Storm Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shepard (1975) reported that individuals with smaller diameters were more likely to bend or be uprooted than individuals with larger diameters, which were more susceptible to snapping. Previous studies have reported that stem breakage of loblolly pines is most susceptible when DBH is between 12 -25 cm (Downs, 1943;Wiley and Zeide, 1991;Amateis and Burkhart, 1996;Belanger et al, 1996;Zeide and Sharer, 2001;Bragg et al, 2003;Bragg et al, 2004), and stem breakage below the live crown is fatal to southern pines (Abel, 1948). Our results were in general agreement with these previous findings, with the diameter range for snapped bole occurring at larger diameters (12 to 22 cm) than bent bole.…”

Section: Morphological Differences and Ice Storm Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although less frequent than the northeast, ice storms also impact the southeastern US (Changnon, 2003), where southern yellow pines are an important economic resource and form some of the most intensively managed and productive plantations in the world (Allen et al, 2005). Glaze damage to southern pine species due to sufficient ice accumulation may cause stem bending, breaking, or uprooting (Belanger et al, 1996;Warrillow and Mou, 1999), with the amount of damage attributed to a wide variety of factors including stand and tree conditions, soil characteristics, variation in ice formation, and wind speed. In addition to direct mortality, ice storm damage can increase forest susceptibility to insect and disease (Bragg et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Responses of two genetically superior loblolly pine clonal ideotypes to a severe ice storm

Pile

Maier

Wang

et al. 2016

Forest Ecology and Management

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An increase in the frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events, such as major ice storms, can have severe impacts on southern forests. We investigated the damage inflicted by a severe ice storm that occurred in February 2014 on two loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) ideotypes in Cross, South Carolina located in the southeastern coastal plain. The "narrow crown" ideotype allocates more resources to stem growth while the "broad crown" ideotype allocates more of its resources to leaf area. We sampled each clone in August of 2014 and assessed damage based on four mutually exclusive damage categories: crown damage (visual estimation of percent damage); bent bole (bending shape and angle); snapped bole (distance from ground to snapped height); and uprooted. Damage category was statistically different between clones (χ 2 = 120.36; p = 0.001); 67% of the individuals of the narrow crown ideotype suffered crown damage compared to 94% of the broad crown ideotype; 27% of the individuals of narrow crown ideotype suffered immediate mortality after the bole snapped, compared to only 3% for the broad crown. Of the individuals that incurred crown damage, the degree of damage sustained was statistically different by clonal type (F = 8.73; p < 0.01). The broad crown ideotype incurred greater crown damage than the narrow crown (38.0 ± 1.34 and 31.8 ± 1.6, respectively). Damage that resulted in a bent bole was minimal, with 4% for the narrow crown ideotype and 3% for the broad crown. The observed clonal differences in response to damage that incurred from an extreme ice storm may be attributed to differences in morphology and carbon allocation strategies between the two ideotypes. These differences are important to carbon sequestration projects and ideotype development in regions that are prone to extreme glazing events.

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Ice Damage in Thinned and Nonthinned Loblolly Pine Plantations Infected with Fusiform Rust

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Impact of the 2008 ice storm on moso bamboo plantations in southeast China

Impact of the 2008 ice storm on moso bamboo plantations in southeast China

Declining Radial Growth Response of Coastal Forests to Hurricanes and Nor'easters

Responses of two genetically superior loblolly pine clonal ideotypes to a severe ice storm

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