Identification and activity of ethyl gallate as an antimicrobial compound produced by Geranium carolinianum

Abstract

We isolated an antimicrobial compound from the aerial tissue of Geranium carolinianum and identified it as ethyl 3, 4, 5-trihydroxy benzoate (ethyl gallate) by 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The antimicrobial activity of ethyl gallate against three potato pathogens was assayed by the paper disk method. The activity against Ralstonia solanacerum, Streptomyces scabies, and Streptomyces acidiscabies was observed at concentrations >200, >300, and >300 mg disk -1 , respectively. These results suggest that the antimicrobial activity of Geranium carolinianum against soil-borne plant disease pathogens is partly related to ethyl gallate.

Anti-arthritic activity of 11-O-(4′-O-methyl galloyl)-bergenin and Crassula capitella extract in rats

“…Compound 3 : white powder, ESI‐MS molecular ion peak at m/z 182.007(M‐CH 3 ), 1 H and 13 C‐NMR data in agreement with 4‐methoxy‐3, 5 dihydroxy methyl benzoate . Compound 4 : white crystals, EI‐MS (M + ) at 198.22, 1 H and 13 C‐NMR in agreement with the literature data of ethyl gallate . Compound 5 : white crystals, ESI‐MS molecular ion peak at m/z 183.019 (M‐H), 1 H and 13 C‐NMR data in agreement with methyl gallate .…”

Ecological phytochemistry of Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) plants

“…Ethyl gallate was isolated in high yield (14 % of the crude extract), whereas gallic acid showed the highest levels of bioactivity. Ethyl gallate has also been associated with cytotoxicity (Saleem et al 2002) and antimicrobial activity (Ooshiro et al 2009). Gallic acid has also been given a role in phytotoxic interactions of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.…”

Antibacterial activity of alkyl gallates and related compounds against Ralstonia solanacearum

“…6) One of the antibacterial constituents of G. carolinianum was identified as ethyl gallate. 7) Gallic acid and its esters are well known plant constituents and antimicrobial activities have been reported; however, knowledge of their activity against R. solanacearum and the relationship of structure to antibacterial activity is lacking. This paper aims to clarify the structure-activity relationship of alkyl gallates and related compounds in R. solanacearum.…”